Hydrodynamic Analysis Of The Interaction Between Ship And Broken Ice

In recent years,with the global temperature rising,the polar sea ice is melting,and the ice coverage in polar area is reducing year by year,which makes the polar navigation become possible gradually.Due to the excellent geographical location,the Arctic becomes a very strategic area,and catches attention from various countries.At the same time,the Arctic is rich in natural resource,such as oil,natural gas and coal,which makes the Arctic research becomes a hot topic.As the carrier of Arctic development,polar ships will encounter ice load when navigating in the polar region.The polar carrier ships usually do not need to have strong ice-breaking ability.Under the pilotage of the icebreaker,the ice load they encounter is mainly broken ice load.Broken ice load will increase the navigation resistance of the ship,and the collision between the ice and the hull will also bring some risks to the structural safety.Therefore,the research on the broken ice load is of great significance.The traditional study of ice breaking load focuses on the solid mechanical interaction between the hull and ice,while the fluid is ignored or simplified.However,some scholars have shown that in the case of breaking ice,the effect of fluid is relatively obvious,and the neglect of the effect of fluid will lead to inaccurate calculation.Therefore,this paper focuses on the hydrodynamics of ships interacting with ice breakers.Based on the coupled method of CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)and FEM(Finite Element Method),a numerical model suitable for ship ice simulation is built in this paper.The collision is simulated by FEM,and the fluid field in the whole physical process is simulated by CFD.After the construction of the simulation model,it is verified through the experiment conducted by other scholars,besides,another experiment is also conducted by the author to verify the simulation model.After the effectiveness of the numerical model is verified,several cases are simulated in this article respectively: the collision between the hull and a single piece of broken ice,the collision between the hull and several pieces of broken ice,and more pieces collision is also simulated.The research purpose of the single ice cases is to study the motion of the single broken ice with the approaching of the ship hull,and the purpose of several pieces ice is researching the motion affected by the interaction of other pieces of ice.It is found that the hydrodynamic effect of the fluid field has a certain influence on the interaction between the ship hull and the broken ice.Therefore,the author suggest that in attention to obtaining more accurate results,and the hydrodynamic effect should be properly considered when calculating the ice load of ship.