Travel Behavior Design Characteristics And Influencing Factors Research Of Low-mobility Individuals In Public Transport During COVID-19

Public transport plays a very important role for people to participate in society.However,many passengers in our country cannot get the best public transport travel due to the limitation of mobility.For example,they are slow due to age,need help due to physical disability,and live in underdeveloped areas due to economic income.These people are usually referred to as low-mobility individuals,including older adults,individuals with disabilities,and low-income individuals.They are often troubled because they can’t freely choose the place and time of departure.In December 2019,a sudden outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)in Wuhan,Hubei,has a serious impact on the health of the public transport system and passengers,causing many passengers to travel without using or using other safe means of transportation.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposes a study on the characteristics and influencing factors of public transport travel behavior of low-mobility individuals during COVID-19.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Public transport survey for low-mobility individuals.Based on the relevant literature,combined with the special situation of COVID-19,a questionnaire was formulated which accords with the public transportat trip of Taiyuan residents,and launched a field survey in Taiyuan.The survey methods include travel behavior survey(RP)and telephone interview survey.Finally,1132 valid questionnaires were obtained.(2)Research on the characteristics of bus travel behavior.Combined with the epidemic situation of COVID-19,the characteristics of public transport travel behavior of low-mobility individuals are studied from five perspectives: personal attributes,bus travel purpose,bus travel distance,bus travel time,and trip frequency.The results show that: low-mobility individuals are at a disadvantage in bus travel,and the travel distance is less than 1km,the trip frequency is mainly once,and even the number of people who don’t travel is gradually increasing,even the travel time is decreasing.(3)Research on public transport satisfaction.Use the SEM-CSI method to study the public transport satisfaction of different groups,and compare lowmobility individuals and general public,the three subgroups of low-mobility individuals,and the different groups before and during the outbreak.The results show that: in addition to safety,the quantitative results of reliability,convenience,economy,comfort and bus satisfaction of low-mobility individuals are lower than those of the general public.In addition,during the epidemic period,the reliability,safety,convenience,economy,comfort and public transport satisfaction of lowmobility individuals are significantly lower than those before the epidemic.(4)Research on the psychological characteristics of passengers.Use the SEM-PCI method to study the psychological characteristics of different groups,and compare low-mobility individuals and general public,the three subgroups of low-mobility individuals,and the different groups before and during the outbreak.The results show that: the psychological characteristics,external attention and internal anxiety of passengers for low-mobility individuals and the general public are the same,but their PCI value is higher than that of general public.In addition,the psychological characteristics,the degree of external concern and the degree of internal anxiety for low-mobility individuals increased significantly after the outbreak of the epidemic,indicating that the psychological fluctuation and psychological sensitivity of low-mobility individuals are higher than those before the epidemic.