| The rapid development of renewable energy generation technologies,such as wind power and photovoltaic,has brought great challenges to the safe and reliable operation of traditional power systems.Microgrid(MG)can integrate distributed generation to form a grid-connected autonomous system to provide stable and reliable power supply for regional loads.Renewable energy has strong randomness and reverse peak regulation characteristics,which will affect the operation of power system.The user-side resource participation in the system regulation is an important way to promote renewable energy accommodation and ensure the stable operation of the system.However,the high cost of energy storage limits the development of user-side energy storage.It is of great significance to tap the benefit space of user-side energy storage to promote renewable energy accommodation.Multi-microgrid(MMG)can make use of the diversity of demand for energy complementarity to improve the economy of the system comparing with MG.At the same time,the generalized energy storage resources of different types of users can alleviate the impact of system uncertainty.It is important to improve the system benefits to encourage MG to participate in system transactions.Based on the above problems,this paper carried out the following research:An economic dispatching model of MG with user-side energy storage is established.In view of the operation problem of MG,the advantages of user-side energy storage agent participating in system dispatching are analyzed.In the day-ahead dispatching of MG,the benefits sources of user-side energy storage agent are analyzed in detail.The cooperative game model of user-side energy storage agent participating in dispatching is established,and the benefits are fairly distributed by the Shapley value.In the intraday dispatching,model predictive control is used to deal with the prediction errors of the system,and a quadratic programming model is established to minimize the difference between the power of the system connection line and the output of each equipment and the day-ahead scheduling plan.The case study shows that the cooperation between the user-side energy storage agent and the MG operator is effective,and the advantages of the cooperation are illustrated from two aspects of economy and tracking performance.A coordinated dispatching model of MMG with single-stakeholder participation in user-side generalized energy storage is established.The user-side energy storage and demand response are regarded as generalized energy storage,and generalized energy storage models with different typical user are established.In the day-ahead dispatching,the uncertainties of renewable energy,load and demand response are analyzed,and the coordinated dispatching optimization models of different typical user of MGs are established based on chance constrained programming.In the intraday dispatching,a rolling optimization model with the goal of maximizing the system benefits is established considering the complementarity of MMG.The case study shows that when the user-side generalized energy storage participates in MMG dispatching,it can improve the economy of the system and promote renewable energy accommodation.To encourage the MG belonging to different benefit subjects to participate in the transaction,a transaction price model based on historical contribution rate is proposed,and a multi-stakeholder MMG cooperation dispatching model based on improved transaction structure is established.In the day-ahead transaction of MMG,the transaction price based on the ratio of supply and demand is adopted,and day-ahead dispatching of each MG is carried out in the form of quoted volume without quotation.In intraday trading,the structure model of intraday two transactions is proposed to improve the system economy.First of all,the primary transaction is conducted based on the day ahead trading price.The historical contribution is taken as the priority factor of intraday secondary trading.Based on this,the transaction price of intraday secondary trading is calculated,and intraday secondary trading is carried out based on this transaction price.The intraday primary transaction and the secondary transaction are carried out rolling until the end of the intraday scheduling cycle.The case study shows that the proposed intraday model can effectively motivate each MG to participate in the transaction,and exert the role of system coordination to the greatest extent.On the other hand,it can further promote promote renewable energy accommodation,and improve the benefits of the system. |
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