Research On The Boundary Forms Of Traditional Villages In Anshun City,Guizhou Province

Anshun,located in the hinterland of central Guizhou,is known as "the belly of Guizhou,the throat of Yunnan,and the lips and teeth of Guangdong and Shu".Most of the existing traditional villages in Anshun were born in the Ming Dynasty,the largest immigration period in the history of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty,Zhu Yuanzhang sent a large army to "transfer the north and conquer the south" in order to eliminate the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty in the southwest,and then consolidate the rule of the local army.In the late Ming Dynasty,a large number of Han immigrants were organized to come here to Shangtun and Mintun,which gave birth to Anshun Tunpu.Due to the relatively independent geographical environment and living environment,it has been well preserved for hundreds of years.In the long historical evolution process,influenced by multiple factors such as the unique local topography,natural climate,customs and culture,the traditional villages of Anshun have evolved different spatial forms,including military garrisons with strong military defenses and along roads.In Shangtun,which extends like a mountain,there are Miao villages spreading like fingers in the mountains.Different from the construction of cities,this evolution process is seldom interfered by man-made planning,and multiple factors act on the evolution of traditional village morphology,forming a special evolution law.Among them,the boundary of traditional villages is particularly prominent.The boundary determines the order of the space,and the space has meaning because of the boundary.Therefore,with the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,this article mainly takes the traditional Chinese villages in Anshun as a sample,and researches on the issue of "the formation law of traditional village boundary morphology" on the basis of combing and researching relevant data.First,according to the list of Chinese traditional villages,five batches of 67 traditional villages within the scope of Anshun city are selected as the research samples of this article,and the formation laws of their border morphologies are studied.The research is carried out from two aspects.One is natural environmental factors,such as topography,water system,roads,etc.;the other is social cultural factors,such as historical functions,clan beliefs,and ethnic culture.Secondly,after initially cognizing the boundary characteristics,quantify the boundary characteristic indicators.Since each individual has a certain degree of subjectivity in the judgment of boundary morphological features,based on qualitative analysis,the boundary morphological features are quantified with the help of the circumscribed rectangle aspect ratio and finger coefficients in morphology.Thirdly,starting from the law of formation of boundary morphology under the influence of natural environmental factors,on the basis of qualitative analysis,several natural environmental factors that affect boundary morphology are clarified.With the help of the patch shape index in landscape ecology,the grey relational analysis method in statistics is used to further analyze and reveal the relationship between traditional village boundary morphology and topography,river system,road traffic and other environmental elements,and explore the natural environment The generation law of boundary morphology under the influence of factors.Then,starting from the law of formation of border morphology under the influence of social and cultural factors,it is clear that social and cultural factors affect the internal components of the village,and then affect the border morphology of the village.It is clear that the internal constituent elements are the building group and open space,and the scale of the building group,the degree of aggregation,and the shape coefficient in the landscape pattern index are used to quantify,and the gray correlation analysis method is used to analyze the degree of association with the boundary shape.It further qualitatively analyzes the relationship between historical functions,clan beliefs,ethnic culture and other social cultural factors and the border morphology,and draws the law of formation of the traditional village border morphology under the influence of the social and humanistic background.Finally,the research results show that topography,river systems,and roads play a leading role in the formation of traditional village borders.Under the influence of natural environmental factors,traditional village borders show that the borders of villages in flat areas tend to develop into clusters,and steep areas The borders of villages are easy to develop into fingers,and the borders of villages near water and roads are easy to develop into bands.The results of further mathematical statistical analysis show that among the67 research samples in 5 batches,79.10% of the village boundaries are formed into clusters,bands or fingers under the combined action of topography,landforms,and river systems;secondly,traditional village boundaries There is also a strong correlation between the form and its internal constituent elements—open space and building clusters.The results of gray correlation analysis show that the degree of aggregation of building patches and the average shortest distance between buildings have an effect on the village boundary finger-like coefficient and circumscribed rectangle.The aspect ratio has the greatest effect,and the correlation degree is 0.7404 and 0.7076,respectively,indicating that the aggregation degree of the building clusters largely determines the finger coefficient and the aspect ratio of the village boundary morphology.Further analysis suggests that for traditional villages,the gathering of architectural patches is often derived from the attraction formed by the "center" of the village,that is,the power formed by social and cultural factors,such as temples,ancestral halls,and towers,combined with Anshun From the social and historical background,it can be seen that military defense functions will also make settlements tend to be introverted,achieving the purpose of defense that is easy to defend and difficult to attack.It shows that historical functions and clan beliefs have attracted the borders of traditional villages in Anshun to develop in a group shape.The author uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods to explore the formation laws of traditional village borders under the dual factors of natural environment and social culture,hoping to guide the existing traditional villages’ protection and development and rural revitalization strategies from the perspective of borders The construction of new villages,through methods such as protecting natural boundaries,strengthening artificial boundaries,and enhancing boundary imagery,improve the wanton expansion and boundary fragmentation in the process of village development,realize the harmonious coexistence of the village,nature and society,and build traditional villages that inherit the Chinese nation.Wisdom has important value and meaning.