Research On The Design Of Reservoir Bank Plant Communities Adapting To Water Level Changes

After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Project,the fluctuation zone formed by the periodic fluctuation of the water level has attracted great attention at home and abroad and has become the focus.The entire reservoir ecosystem constituted by the water level and the waterfront space above it is an important ecological interface between land and water.For a large reservoir like the Three Gorges Reservoir,the145～175m water-level fluctuating zone and the 175～185m waterfront space are important components of the reservoir bank ecosystem.Affected by cyclical water level fluctuations,there are a series of environmental problems on the reservoir bank,such as the deterioration of reservoir bank stability caused by cyclical water level fluctuations,and the biological species that originally adapted to natural river banks are difficult due to the water level changes after impounding To survive and lead to the reduction of biodiversity,the accumulation and transformation of surface runoff pollutants on the banks of the reservoir,the change of land use patterns,the decline of the quality of the landscape on the banks of the reservoir,etc.,it is urgent to solve the ecological and environmental problems of the reservoir bank.As an important part of the reservoir bank ecosystem,the plant community on the bank of the reservoir is the key to solving the problem.Kaizhou District of Chongqing City is located in the heart of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.Hanfeng Lake is an urban inner lake in Kaizhou District,and its reservoir bank is an important ecological barrier between the catchment area and the water body around the Hanfeng Lake.This paper selects the reservoir bank ecosystem on the north bank of Hanfeng Lake in the Three Gorges Reservoir area as the research object,and analyzes the related problems of the bank plant community design.Based on the principles of raising questions,analyzing problems,and solving problems,it explores the bank plant communities that adapt to changes in water level.Design strategy,and focus on the analysis of practical cases of plant community design on the bank of Wuyangba Reservoir on the northern shore of Hanfeng Lake.Chapter One Introduction.Explain the research background,purpose and significance of this article,and determine the research object as the Three Gorges Reservoir’s northern Hanfeng reservoir bank ecosystem,including the 145-175 m water-level fluctuating zone and the 175-185 m waterfront zone.By sorting out the concepts involved in the research content and related research progress at home and abroad,the existing related research results are summarized to provide a theoretical basis for this research.Chapter 2: Strategies for the Design of Reservoir Communities to Adapt to Changes in Water Level.Summarize and analyze the main problems existing in the design of plant communities on the banks of the reservoir,and analyze in detail the design strategies of plant communities on the banks of the reservoir to adapt to changes in water level,including design principles and concepts,design theories,and specific strategies(plant habitat design,plant species selection,plant community structure design,and later management and protection).Chapter 3: Research on the plant community design on the bank of Wuyangba Reservoir on the northern shore of Hanfeng Lake.After the completion of the plant community design on the Wuyangba Reservoir on the northern shore of Hanfeng Lake in 2013,the completion of plant community construction and the ecological restoration of the reservoir bank in 2014,after six years of deep water inundation in winter and high temperature and drought in summer and other multiple adversity stresses,the current plant landscape level Rich and good ecological effect.This chapter summarizes the plant community design strategy of the project.The first is plant habitat design,which mainly includes topography design and substrate design;the second is the selection of suitable plant species,explaining the principles and steps of plant species selection;the third is plant planting design;It is the design of plant community structure,including three parts: zone design(multizone multi-function buffer system),segment design,and layered design.Chapter 4: Assessment of Reservoir Bank Plant Community and Diversity.This chapter conducts a comprehensive survey of the vegetation on the bank of Wuyangba Reservoir on the northern shore of Hanfeng Lake,and uses statistical and quantitative ecological methods to evaluate the restored plant community and diversity.The evaluation results show that: 1)The multi-band multi-functional buffer system provides a good habitat for plants.The results showed that there were 114 species of vascular plants in the ecological restoration area,including 92 species of herbaceous plants.Compositae(Compositae)and Poaceae(Poaceae)are rich in plants and are the dominant families in this area.There is little difference in other families,and the phenomenon of single species and genera is obvious.The plant species of the reservoir bank in the control area were significantly lower than that in the restoration area.2)The multi-band multi-functional buffer system is of great significance to enhance plant diversity.The stratification,segmentation,and zoning planting adopted significantly increase the species richness and community diversity of the herb communities in the restoration area,which is conducive to enhancing the stability of the herb communities and the self-regulating function of responding to environmental pressures.The plant abundance and diversity index in the ecological restoration area were significantly higher than those in the control area.3)The types of herb communities have increased significantly.On the horizontal structure,depressions,shallow ponds,pits,porous water banks and forest gaps provide diversified heterogeneous habitats for the growth of herbaceous plants.After investigation,there are a total of 18 herbaceous plant community types in the ecological restoration area,and a total of 8 herbaceous plant community types in the control area.Based on the evaluation results,the early plant community design was optimized.Including habitat optimization design,plant-bird collaborative design and invasive plant control.