Experiment On Low Energy Nuclear Reaction Using A Pd(Pt) Open-electrolytic Cell In LiOD Heavy Water Solution

Since Fleischmann and Pons announced the nuclear fusion by electrolysis at room temperature in March 1989,worldwide research on low energy nuclear reactions（LENR）has been ongoing for more than thirty years.In recent years,much progress has been made in experimental technology of electrolysis and hydrogen or deuterium charging.A lot of measured results have proved the existence of phenomena such as anomalous excess heat（AEH）.The experimental reproducibility has also been greatly improved.Therefore,the research area of LENR becomes popular again and causes much concern.Because LENR has the possibility to serve as a new type of high-quality nuclear energy source for military and civilian applications,it is necessary to evaluate its technical feasibility and development prospects.As part of technical preparation for evaluation,this study focuses on electrolysis experiment with Pd cathode and LiOD heavy water solution.In addition,the experimental platform design for charging metal with hydrogen or deuterium is also discussed.The aim of this study is to lay the foundation for LENR technical evaluation with these two systems.In this study,the electrolysis device recommended first by Fleischmann-Pons（F-P）was improved.Based on an open electrolytic cell and a large volume precision calorimeter,an experimental setup was built to electrolyze heavy water with Pd cathodes.In addition,the schematic design of experimental equipment to load hydrogen or deuterium into metal was discussed,and the temperature distribution of the charging reactor was calculated.Taking into account the mass loss during electrolyzing,the revised model to calculate excess power for the open electrolysis was put forward.With this electrolysis device,technical problems were investigated experimentally,including electrode material pretreatment,calorimeter calibration measurement of excess heat and electrolyte conductivity.Many experiments were carried out in light water or heavy water using Pt or Pd cathode,and the AEH was successfully observed.LiF（Mg,Cu,P）thermoluminescence and a CLYC detector were used to measure the gamma rays and neutrons that may be released from the reaction,which forms a preliminary nuclear radiation detection device system.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:（1）The open electrolysis in light water and heavy water with Pt cathode released6%and 2.5%AEH,respectively,under the same conditions.The Pd cathode can generate AEH sometimes but need special pretreatment process and voltage stability.（2）According to analysis of electrolyte quality variation before and after electrolysis,it was found that the theoretical loss accounted for about 93%of the actual loss during the electrolysis process,which showed that the calculation model of AEH is reliable.（3）At the temperature between 10～70℃,with concentration of LiOD ranging from0.01～1 mol·L^-1,the function of conductivityκin m S·cm^-1 varing with concentration c in mol·L^-1 and temperature T in℃ can be fitted asκ=61.8c–17.64c²+2.47c T–0.3828c²T.Concentration c can be calculated from c=8.0939×10^-3κ+1.4316×10^-5κ² at 25℃.（4）Dose monitoring with thermoluminescence chips showed no significant change before and after reaction.The CLYC detector did not find abnormal neutrons and gamma rays.These results showed that there was no nuclear radiation released or the nuclear radiation intensity was too low to detect.In brief,through the design and experiment,it can be confirmed that electrolysis of Pd and Pt in heavy water generates anomalous excess heat.The corrected the superpower calculation model and the function of conductivity varying with temperature and concentration were established.The nuclear radiation measurement system was also discussed as well as the design of experimental device for hydrogen-loading into metal.These preliminary studies laid the foundation for the following evaluation of LENR technology and provided some experience,enriching the perceptual knowledge in this area.