Blockchain-based Security Scheme Of Identification Malicious Nodes For VANETs

With the widespread use of the Internet of Vehicles technology,the security problem of Internet of Vehicles has become more and more serious,and in recent years,it has become one of the hot issues that people are mainly concerned about.In the Vehicular networks,false messages sent by malicious or selfish vehicle nodes will reduce the operating efficiency of the Vehicular networks,and may even endanger the safety of the driver.Therefore,it is very important to detect malicious vehicle nodes in the Vehicular networks in time.At present,the existing research on the detection of malicious vehicle nodes in the Vehicular networks has problems such as high identification difficulty and low detection efficiency.Due to the non-tamperable,non-deletable,open and transparent characteristics of blockchain technology,as a shared distributed ledger,in the decentralized Vehicular networks,the blockchain can promote the cooperation between transaction processing and interactive devices.It can help establish a scalable,universal,privacy-guaranteed,security and reliability Vehicular networks.This paper proposes a detection mechanism for malicious nodes in the Vehicular networks based on blockchain.The specific research content is as follows:(1)A blockchain-based malicious nodes detection architecture for the Vehicular Networks is constructed.This architecture constructs CA-based certificate chain and RSU-based transaction chain in VANET.The certificate chain can issue and revoke vehicle certification,and the transaction chain can identify malicious nodes and forged messages.This architecture can simultaneously evaluate the credibility of vehicle entities and data messages,and is a new type of decentralized hybrid trust architecture.(2)A blockchain POS-I incentive consensus mechanism suitable for the Vehicular networks environment is proposed.This mechanism makes the selection process of accounting nodes in the networks more reasonable and fair,and can ensure that new nodes that enter the networks can also be relatively fairly selected as accounting nodes.In addition,the mechanism has a new incentive algorithm.According to the reward and punishment measures,RSU can be encouraged to take proactive actions.(3)A malicious node identification algorithm based on blockchain consensus mechanism is proposed.Combining the above detection architecture with the consensus mechanism,we comprehensively and accurately verify the vehicle identity and the authenticity of the message from four aspects: verifying vehicle identity,selecting accounting nodes,verifying the integrity of the transmission message,and identifying the authenticity of the transmission message.Subsequently,the verification results are broadcast globally in the Internet of Vehicles to achieve the purpose of fundamentally suppressing malicious behaviors,further ensuring that reliable event messages are provided for drivers,improving the VANET operating environment,and improving the operating efficiency of Vehicular networks.Using the ONE simulation software we conducted the proposed detection mechanism and comparatively analyzed the experimental results.And the results show that the blockchain-based security trust mechanism proposed in this paper can effectively improve the accuracy of vehicle node identity verification and identification of false messages in the Vehicular networks environment thus could extremely improve network transmission performance.