Research On The Secure Forwarding Mechanism Based On Blockchain In Vehicular Named Data Networking

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANETs)are usually used to reduce traffic accidents and improve traffic efficiency and safety.In VANETs,due to the high mobility and temporality of vehicle nodes,the end-to-end routing between nodes fails to connect,making routing decisions a challenge.The Named Data Networking(NDN)is based on the content of the message instead of the host address of the data.The application of NDN in VANETs can effectively solve these problems,but the existing Vehicular Named Data Networking(VNDN)is vulnerable to attack by malicious node when forwarding data.Therefore,in order to obtain reliable data and enable applications to work efficiently in VNDN,this article focuses on the research on the secure forwarding of vehicle data in VNDN,mainly introduces a trust model and a decentralized blockchain,and designs a secure forwarding mechanism based on them that can identify selfish and malicious vehicle nodes in VNDN.The research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)A VNDN malicious nodes security detection architecture based on blockchain is constructed.This architecture mainly constructs two-layer blockchains,one is in vehicles and the other is in RSUs.The blockchain based on vehicles mainly stores the direct trust of vehicles that interacts with it,and the blockchain based on RSUs mainly stores the comprehensive trust of vehicles.This architecture is a new decentralized trust architecture based on blockchain,making it convenient that vehicles and RSUs to query the trust value stored in ledger.(2)A trust evaluation model based on VNDN is proposed.Aiming at the problem that the communication between vehicles is vulnerable to attack by malicious vehicle nodes,this model evaluates the credibility of the interacting vehicles through the historical communication behavior of vehicles,detects and identifies the malicious vehicle nodes in the network,and restrains the malicious behaviors to ensure the security of VNDN.(3)A VNDN data security forwarding mechanism based on blockchain is proposed.Combined with the trust evaluation model and blockchain detection architecture proposed in this paper,this mechanism introduces factors such as node activity,distance between nodes and vehicle speed to select reliable relay nodes for transmission.It can effectively identify and restrain malicious behaviors of vehicle nodes in VNDN,improving the reliability of data transmission in VNDN.Through NS-3-based ndnSIM and SUMO co-simulation,the secure transmission mechanism of VNDN data based on blockchain proposed in this paper is realized.The simulation results showed that the secure forwarding mechanism proposed in this paper can effectively identify malicious and selfish vehicle nodes,restrain the malicious behaviors of vehicle nodes,improve the safety and reliability of vehicle nodes communication,reduce transmission delay,improve message forwarding efficiency and optimize the overall performance of VANETs network.