Research On Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Conventional Public Transport From The Perspective Of Spatial Heterogeneity

Conventional public transport travel largely represents and reflects the flow rule of people within the city and the distribution of the urban built environment.It is particularly important to clarify the characteristics of urban conventional public transport travel and the impact mechanism of the built environment.Although the ordinary least squares regression model(OLS),spatial lag model(SLM),spatial error model(SEM)and other global regression models have been widely used in the study of conventional public transportation travel characteristics,the above models ignore the influence of spatial heterogeneity on the characteristics of urban conventional public transport travel.This defect has made it impossible to reasonably interpret the local spatial changes of conventional public transport travel.In recent years,some scholars have used the Geographically Weighted Regression Model(GWR)to study the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors of conventional public transport travel characteristics,but they have not considered the multi-scale spatial heterogeneity among the influencing factors,which enlarges the local spatial effect and reduces or ignores the global importance of the influencing factors,leading to estimation bias,and the research results have certain limitations.In view of this,this article comprehensively uses OLS,GWR and MGWR models,combined with GIS technology,reveals the impact mechanism of the urban built environment on conventional public transport travel characteristics(public transit passenger flow,travel distance)from the perspective of double-layer space,and then identifies the spatial heterogeneity of key influencing factors and influence degree.First,take the main urban area of Qingdao as the research area,extract conventional public bus passenger flow and travel distance from public transport GPS and IC card data as the dependent variables of the study,then obtain 14 indicators of the 6 built environment elements including the density,land use diversity,urban design,destination accessibility,public transport proximity and demand management as optional independent variables through the open network map platform.Spatial data is used to analyze the spatial evolution characteristics of conventional bus passenger flow and travel distance of 303 research units;finally,the key variables are screened through stepwise regression,and on this basis,the spatial location information was introduced to build GWR and MGWR models to quantitatively analyze the spatial heterogeneity of the impacts of built environmental variables on the passenger flow and travel distance of conventional bus.The research results show that the local models(GWR,MGWR)that take into account spatial heterogeneity have significantly improved interpretation of changes in conventional public transportation trips compared to the global model(OLS).The MGWR model has the best interpretation ability,conventional public transportation passenger flow and travel The maximum Adjusted R2 of the distance model is 91.4%and 84.7%,and the,AICc values of MGWR are 169.161 and 364.785,which are the smallest values among the three types of models.The impact of the built environment is different and the spatial heterogeneity of different regions is significant.Compared with the factors such as land use and demand management,the density of the bus line network in the public transit proximity factor and the school density in the density factor has a large impact on conventional public transport passenger flow and has obvious spatial heterogeneity.The overall influence degree shows a trend of diminishing spread from south to north;while the density of the company and enterprise density in the density factor,and the distance to the CBD in the goal accessibility factor have a positive effect on the The influence of conventional bus travel distance is relatively large and the spatial heterogeneity is obvious.The results of this study are used to reveal the spatial heterogeneity of the built environment and the degree of influence that have significant influence on the characteristics of regular bus travel in different regions,so as to make the decision more targeted,and put forward optimization strategies according to local conditions,providing theoretical basis and practical guidance for urban planning,transportation planning and other related decisions.