Two-echelon Vehicle Routing Problem Considering Collaboration In The Context Of New Retail

In recent years,the collaborative development of e-commerce and express logistics in China has been deepening.However,the collaborative development of e-commerce and express logistics still faces problems such as imperfect policies and regulations,uncoordinated development,and unsmooth connection.In the process of distribution,the city restricts the traffic of vehicles entering the urban area,which physically divides the urban distribution into two levels of distribution network.The order commodities need to be transferred at the transfer station and then transported to the customer point.Based on this,this paper proposes a two-echelon vehicle routing problem considering collaboration in the context of new retail.In this problem,customer orders are divided into two types:one is the known inventory orders assigned to physical stores,the other is the replenishment orders that need to be decided which physical stores to assign,the latter is transported to the physical stores through the first level of warehouse to collect goods with the former,and then transported to the customer points through the second level of physical stores during the service time.The goal is to select the route with the lowest total cost under the constraints of vehicle capacity limit,transfer station processing capacity,time window and vehicle maximum mileage.The existing vehicle routing problem in the new retail mode does not fully consider the integrity of the warehouse,physical stores and customers,and does not deeply discuss the advantages of cooperation between physical stores.In this paper,a mixed integer model with the minimum total cost including two-stage transportation cost,two-stage vehicle use cost and goods transit cost as the objective function is established.A test example is constructed,and an effective inequality is added to the model to save running time CPLEX business solution software accurately solves the mathematical model and records and analyzes the solution results.It compares the advantages and disadvantages of component cost and vehicle utilization under independent distribution in many aspects and dimensions.The test cases are divided into three categories:different scale,different order proportion and different store density.The independent distribution and collaborative distribution are compared and analyzed in detail from four aspects:two-echelon vehicle dispatching cost,driving cost,transfer station processing cost and two-echelon vehicle utilization ratio.The advantages of the two-echelon collaborative distribution compared with the traditional independent distribution mode are obtained Make the corresponding summary.The experimental results show that,compared with the two modes of independent distribution and collaborative distribution,the average value of total cost is reduced by 9.27%in the case of different order scale,among which the cost of vehicle dispatching and driving cost are saved obviously,and the average utilization rate of vehicle is increased by 7.6%;in the case of different order proportion,the average value of total cost is reduced by 5%with the decrease of replenishment order proportion 17%,of which the transfer station treatment cost savings are more obvious;under the condition of different density of physical stores,with the increase of the number of physical stores,the average value of the total cost is reduced by 11.72%,among which the cost of vehicle dispatching and driving cost savings are more obvious,and the average utilization rate of vehicles is increased by 15.56%.It can be seen from the data intuitively that the cost saving benefit of collaborative distribution method is obvious.According to the above experimental results,we can get the Enlightenment:under the new retail background,collaborative distribution method has more advantages than independent distribution method,multi-party agents cooperate to complete the distribution task,not only can greatly reduce the operating cost,but also can improve the resource utilization;in the two-echelon distribution network,when considering the collaborative distribution mode,enterprises should Fully consider the quantity and category of their own inventory,and reduce the quantity of replenishment orders as much as possible when the cost allows;when considering horizontal collaborative distribution,enterprises should seek more partners as much as possible,so as to obtain more order fulfillment programs,so as to improve the operation efficiency and economic benefits of enterprises.