Research On Spatial Vitality And Design Strategies Of Urban Parks

Urban parks are an important part of city public space and the main place for local residents to communicate,however with the continuous enrichment of material life,the forms of outdoor activities also gradually tend to diversify,thus,they need a higher standard on the quality of park space and design.Based on the current situation of city parks,designers focus more on landscape aesthetics and simple resting functions,ignoring the consideration of users’ behavioral characteristics and usage needs,resulting in less attractive urban park spaces and a lack of vitality.Therefore,it is worthwhile to study how to design highly dynamic urban parks with strong attractiveness and meet the needs of citizens.Rooted in the environmental behavior theory,this paper researches city parks from the viewpoint of spatial vitality,explores the factors that have a strong influence on the spatial vitality of urban parks,and proposes design strategies for creating vitality in urban parks.Specifically,it is divided into the following parts.(1)First of all,this article has written domestic and international literature on city parks and space vitality,elaborated on the theory of environmental behavior,and analyzed the environmental characteristics of people in space and the significance of environmental behavior in creating space vitality,so as to lay the foundation for proposing spatial vitality design strategies later.(2)Secondly,a vitality evaluation system is developed to analyze the current situation of spatial vitality in the sample parks.According to the relevant theoretical foundation,two dimensions of spatial vitality evaluation of urban parks are determined,and indicators on spatial vitality evaluation are collected through literature collation,and 5 vitality characterization indicators and 23 vitality composition evaluation indicators of spatial vitality evaluation of city parks are determined by combining expert interviews and field research.After that,we investigated and analyzed the current situation of spatial vitality of city parks in the old city of Zhengzhou,then determined four sample parks based on the principles of difference and representative.We selected observation points according to the characteristics of the park,obtain data through field observation records and questionnaire surveys,and analyze the current status of the park’s spatial vitality based on the research results and then import the mean values of vitality composition and vitality characterization values of each sample park into SPSS24 Correlation.Analysis was conducted to obtain 7 strongly correlated vitality composition indicators affecting urban park vitality,which were summarized as 5 strongly correlated factors.(3)Then,we proposed the design strategies for creating spatial vitality in urban parks.The five design strategies(spatial suitability design strategy,spatial accessibility design strategy,spatial diversity design strategy,spatial safety design strategy and spatial interactivity design strategy)were proposed for the strong correlation factors that affect the spatial vitality of city parks.(4)Finally,the paper is summarized systematically,hoping that the design and change of city parks in the future can fully consider the behavioral needs of users,and create a diversified spatial environment to meet the diverse needs of today’s society,thus,improve the spatial vitality of city parks.