Experiment And Simulation Study On Evacuation Behavior In Buildings

In case of emergency,how to quickly evacuate personnel is a key and difficult problem to be solved in public security.Therefore,the study of personnel evacuation behavior and evacuation strategy in emergency is of great significance to improve the overall evacuation efficiency of personnel and ensure public security.Therefore,this paper selects the passageway in the building and the theater as the research sites,and adopts the methods of evacuation experiment,field observation in the theater and software simulation to study the evacuation behavior of people in the building,as well as the effect of queuing behavior in the passageway and seat jumping behavior in the theater on the overall evacuation efficiency.First in line for channel personnel behavior,set the queue application technology in Shanghai university campus evacuation experiment platform,has carried out 65 people take part in the evacuation of the experiment,the experimental research is mainly focused on the queue and evacuation time distribution random case,and different queuing offline channel flow change rule,and the channel to import and export channel flow coefficient variations.The experimental data show that there are differences in the distribution of evacuation time between random evacuation and queued evacuation.In the case of random evacuation,the evacuation time decreases gradually with the increase of the passage width;For queued evacuation,different queued lines present different evacuation time curves,and the data shows that when the channel width is greater than 2m,queued evacuation efficiency is lower than random evacuation.For the change of channel flow,the change curve of random evacuation flow is more obvious than that of queued evacuation,and the flow coefficient curve of 2line channel is the most gentle,while that of 4line is the most obvious.Massmotion second application software for the experiment conclusion validation and comparison,the queuing behavior of evacuation in building channel,considering the evacuation line form,line line,channel width,the number of evacuation and speed etc.,to simulate the different ways at the same time,personnel evacuation queuing behavior under different speed of evacuation are studied.The simulation results show that the distribution law of evacuation time under different widths is basically consistent with the experimental data,and the flow curve of the entrance and exit of the channel is also basically consistent with the experimental law.For different queuing modes,the evacuation efficiency of queue by unit is less affected by the width of channel.The critical width of channel exists in the average queuing,and the evacuation efficiency of different queuing lines is inconsistent.The influence of the change of evacuation number on the evacuation efficiency of the queue is more obvious,and the greater the width of the passage,the greater the influence;The influence of velocity on queued evacuation follows a logarithmic distribution,while that of random evacuation follows a linear distribution.The change of velocity distribution mode and velocity difference has no influence on random evacuation.The influence on queued evacuation also depends on the width of the channel and the number of evacuees.Finally,This paper also observes the evacuation situation of a college cinema after it is over,and simulates the cinema with the software Building EXODUS to study the influence of turning over seats and changing channel width on evacuation.Studies show that when the number of people reaches 20%-60% of the capacity,the evacuation efficiency can be improved by jumping over the seat.When the number of people exceeds 60% or less than 20% of the capacity,the total evacuation time does not change significantly.If the total width of the passage remains unchanged,changing the width of each passage may make the exit reach the state of congestion in advance,which will aggravate the congestion at the exit.It will also have a certain impact on the phenomenon of jumping over the seat to escape.In this paper,through the research of predecessors’ simulation and experimental method,design the personnel evacuation in line experiment,using the simulation and experimental research method of combining,in channel and the behavior of the queue data acquisition,and use the software is verified,and evacuation behavior by observing cinemas and software simulation,the combination of personnel in the theater over the seat behavior for the whole evacuation.