Analysis On Passenger Evacuation Characteristics At Subway Stations Based On MassMotion

With the advantages of low energy consumption,high capacity,high speed and less land occupation,the subway can significantly relieve the pressure on urban road traffic and provide great convenience to residents in their daily travels.As the density of the subway line network increases,stations attract more and more passengers,and the issue of safe and efficient evacuation of passengers in case of emergencies is gradually gaining attention.In a dynamic evacuation process involving passengers,the attributes of passengers directly affect their choice of bottleneck passages,which in turn affects the safety index of passengers passing through bottlenecks such as staircases and the efficiency of their escape.The simulation of passenger evacuation behavior in a subway station during an emergency is an important tool to investigate the influence of different passenger characteristics on the evacuation process,which is important for the formulation of a scientific and reasonable evacuation plan.This paper focuses on the impact of passenger evacuation behavior on the evacuation of passengers in subway stations,and the main contents are summarized as follows.(1)The impact of passenger flow heterogeneity on passenger evacuation in subway stations is studied.Subway station scenes using the Mass Motion simulation platform is modeled.Passengers in the station are divided into three types of homogeneous passengers with different speeds and three types of homogeneous passengers with different radii.Simulation evacuation studies are conducted on passengers with different proportion combinations under speed heterogeneity and passengers with different proportion combinations under radius heterogeneity,by adjusting the proportional relationship between the number of passengers with different types.The evacuation time corresponding to passenger speed heterogeneity and radius heterogeneity scenarios is obtained.The quantitative relationship between evacuation time and the number of evacuees with different attributes is obtained through data fitting,thereby,providing a theoretical basis for the formulation of passenger evacuation strategies under different passenger flow entities.(2)A prediction model for evacuation time and an evacuation safety evaluation model are established for passenger ascending stairs.Basic data such as passenger attributes and stair travel time are simulated through the Mass Motion simulation platform.The impact of passenger heterogeneity on the evacuation time of passenger ascending stairs is studied,and a prediction model based on a random forest model is established to predict the relationship between the number of passengers and the evacuation time of passenger ascending stairs.The accuracy of prediction results by the random forest model is verified by comparing the results of different prediction models.An evacuation safety evaluation model of ascending stairs is established based on the prediction results of stair travel time,evacuation density,and evacuation panic degree which are used as indicators.Taking Qingdao Jinggangshan Road subway station as an example,the safety assessment is conducted,which provided theoretical support for the safety evacuation management of passengers at the stairs of the subway station.(3)The passenger flow management strategy and evacuation of subway stations in the context of the COVID-19 is studied.A subway station simulation experiment scenario using Mass Motion is created to simulate the inbound passenger flow movement.The relationship between the time interval length and the number of contacts between passengers in the station are analyzed,by setting different entry intervals at the entrance.A strategy for passengers to maintain a safe social distance within the station is then proposed.Considering the risk of epidemic transmission during passenger evacuation,in-depth analysis of the passenger evacuation process from the perspective of epidemic prevention and control is carried out,and the harmfulness of passenger emergency evacuation without protective measures is validated from the perspective of simulation.It provides a risk prevention and control strategy for the operation and management of subway stations in the context of the epidemic.