Study On The Management Of Public Health Emergencies Happened At Civil Airports In China

In 2020,an unexpected new coronavirus pneumonia(hereinafter referred to as“NCP”)epidemic spread all over the world.Under the epidemic situation,it is an important issue for the governments of all the countries to deeply think about how to effectively and rationally response to this public health emergency,and the results of different countries to manage the public health emergencies.As the national gateways,civil airports play the important roles in the epidemic prevention and control of a country.The public health management of the civil airports has a complicated mechanism and system.Many departments and units jointly participate in the management of NCP epidemic.Shanghai Pudong International Airport(hereinafter referred to as “Pudong Airport”)is one of the world’s top ten large-scale international hub and gateway airports.Its performance in the management of this NCP epidemic is remarkable.This paper takes the Pudong airport’s response of NCP epidemic as the main line.With the collection and research of relevant documents at home and abroad,and the definitions of civil airports and public health emergencies,together with the analysis of the safety management theory and emergency management theory,this paper starts with the introduction of the relevant policies and management status of Pudong airport,and sorts out the responsibility of different organizations in response to the NCP epidemic,and the process and implementation situation of passenger and freight entry and exit.Through sorting out the five problems existing in the current epidemic prevention process,including the imperfect legislation of public health emergencies,the untimely detection and early warning of epidemic situation,the deviation in the formulation of epidemic prevention measures,the opacity of epidemic information,and the shortage of professionals in public health event management.Through in-depth analysis and discussion,the causes are the lack and lag of laws and regulations,the lack of cross regional monitoring and early warning system,the lack of full understanding of the epidemic situation,the passive guidance of public opinion,mechanical and rigid,and the lack of good salary mechanism,training program and enough attention for professional talents.Facing the outbreak of the NCP epidemic,the performance of foreign countries is not ideal,which is caused by many factors,including politics and culture.However,it is undeniable that the research of some countries,such as United States,Japan,Germany,on public health event management abroad is quite early and has formed many effective experiences.The prevention and control of epidemic not only depends on the public management departments,but also needs to gather the participation of the majority of social institutions and organizations.Therefore,the foreign mature management experiences are worth of studying and learning.This paper summarizes the relatively complete public health legal system,organization and management structure,the importance of local government crisis management and medical emergency system construction,and the cultivation of public crisis awareness and response skills,to further put forward the countermeasures to optimize the public health management system of China’s civil airports,such as improving the legislation of civil aviation public health emergencies,building a unified information monitoring and early warning system,building a civil airport emergency management system,paying attention to correct,timely and complete public opinion guidance and publicity training,and strengthening the construction of airport public health management personnel.It has great significance to research on how Pudong airport,as a large aviation hub in China,dealt with the NCP epidemic.By analyzing and refining the experience and shortcomings of Pudong airport in the process of responding to the NCP epidemic,we put forward relevant suggestions to help our civil airports take fewer detours and improve efficiency in dealing with the NCP epidemic,and establish a more perfect public health incident management system to cope with the NCP epidemic and the possible public emergencies which may happen in the future.