Research On The Spatial Matching Evaluation And Optimization Of Public Transit Supply And Demand In Rushan City From The Perspective Of Equalization

Urban public transit is generally planned and constructed by the government.It is a quasi-public service product with a public welfare nature,which has the characteristics of openness,sharing,economy,and reliability.Public transit guarantees the basic travel of residents and is the main way for residents to reach other basic public service facilities."Basic" is a distinctive feature of public transit services.Therefore,the rationality of public transit configuration will affect the opportunities and costs for residents to obtain other public services,and then affect the equalization benefits of other public services.Therefore,scientifically evaluating the distribution of public transport supply and demand is of great significance for the rational allocation of public transport resources.As a typical small and medium-sized city,Rushan City has a single public transit structure,and the development speed of public transit lags behind the growth rate of residents’ travel demand.On the other hand,Rushan City,as a demonstration county for public transport integration,has good public transport conditions and a good research foundation.How to achieve higher-quality public transport development by studying the matching relationship between public transport supply and demand on the basis of integration is the problem and purpose of this research.Based on this,this research first clarifies the research content and research methods through literature review,and defines the related concepts of public transport supply and demand,and adopts various methods such as field research,questionnaire survey,literature collation,and big data analysis to scientifically select evaluation indicators.Establish an effective and reliable comprehensive evaluation index system for supply and demand levels,and obtain a comprehensive index of public transport supply and demand levels through quantitative analysis.Based on this,the three-scale supply and demand matching models of cities,blocks and stations are connected in series,and different quantitative analysis methods are adopted.The Gini coefficient calculation method is introduced at the macro level to study the distribution of the total supply of public transport at the city scale;at the meso level The location entropy method is used to further analyze the matching of supply and demand in space;at the micro level,the bivariate local Moran index in spatial statistics is used to analyze the type of supply and demand agglomeration and the specific location distribution of each site,forming a macroscopic resource allocation to A complete set of evaluation models for microscopic spatial distribution.Through the establishment of the supply and demand evaluation index system and matching model,empirical research on Rushan City is carried out,and the spatial distribution of the supply and demand of public transport in Rushan City and the matching evaluation results are obtained.The research results show that the spatial distribution of public transport supply and demand in Rushan City presents the characteristics of weakening of the central agglomeration edge,and the spatial distribution characteristics of the intensity of supply and demand have a high degree of similarity.From an urban scale,the supply and demand of public transport in Rushan City is relatively reasonable in terms of total distribution;from a block scale,there is a mismatch between supply and demand,with obvious spatial differentiation,and the coexistence of supply surplus and supply deficit;from the station scale,Supply and demand tend to converge spatially,and the site-scale supply and demand are well coupled,and only a few sites do not match the supply and demand.In general,the supply and demand matching of public transport in Rushan City is generally good,but there is still an imbalance between supply and demand.Finally,according to the evaluation results,corresponding optimization strategies are proposed from the aspects of urban planning,road network structure,bus line network and station facilities construction.