Research On The Development Venation Of Ba-Yu Ancient Gardens

Research on the Development Venation of Ba-Yu Ancient GardensAs an ancient city in the hinterland of Southwest China,Chongqing has developed its architectural style and traditional craft custom with mountain characteristics due to its unique geographical location and landscape climate environment,and several large-scale migration movements in history have promoted the exchange and integration of local culture and technology and Central Plains.This phenomenon of coexistence of local characteristics and foreign culture is different from other regional gardens,which needs to be paid attention to.In view of the existing achievements,the current research of Bayu garden mainly focuses on garden types and typical gardens,lacking systematic research on the development context and characteristics of Bayu garden.Such a research situation makes it difficult to determine the value system of Bayu garden,and also makes it difficult to inherit and carry forward the garden heritage because of the lack of theoretical basis,or even disappear.Therefore,in order to establish the system of Bayu garden,it is imperative to study the systematic development of Bayu garden.Based on a large number of historical documents such as travel notes,poems,geographical records and local chronicles,this study summarizes the construction of ancient gardens in Bayu,summarizes the gardening characteristics of various types of gardens in each historical stage through the garden description,divides the development period of ancient gardens through the double consideration of the number and scale of gardens,and combs out the sprouts The corresponding historical time and gardening characteristics of each stage in the starting,development and maturity period.Then,on this basis,through the analysis of the political,economic,cultural and other historical background of each stage,the motivation of historical development is deduced,showing the impact of historical succession on the development of Bayu garden.Finally,using GIS to input the garden information of Bayu and integrate the ancient garden database of Bayu.After combing,the author comes to the following conclusion: the pre-Qin period is the budding period of Bayu garden.At this time,there is no complete garden in Chongqing.The author speculates that although there is no garden construction record in Bayu area in the pre-Qin period,the customs and patterns of garden confinement in the Central Plains have been introduced.The period of Qin,Han and Three Kingdoms is the initial stage of Bayu garden,which is mainly composed of temple garden and Taoist garden.The introduction of Buddhism and local Taoism contributed to the birth of Bayu gardens.Religious doctrines also made the selection of gardens in this period mainly focus on suburban mountains and forests.The form of gardening is relatively simple and small.The period of Wei,Jin,southern and Northern Dynasties is the development period of Bayu garden.The garden types are still temple garden and Taoist garden.Because of the long-term war,the social economy in Bayu area was greatly damaged,the people were displaced and died,and the Han population was sharply reduced.Therefore,the development of Bayu garden in this period can only rely on the folk missionaries to spread and expand.The Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties is the prosperous period of Bayu garden.At this time,the garden types become rich,and academy garden and public garden begin to appear.Thanks to the peace and stability of the Sui and Tang Dynasties for more than300 years,the range and quantity of Bayu gardens expanded rapidly.The period of song and Yuan Dynasties is the period from prosperity to decline.The garden types include temple garden,Taoist garden,Academy garden,public garden and prosperous private garden.In the Song Dynasty,Chongqing was a city with harmonious politics and people,flourishing all kinds of wastes,increasing grain,flourishing well salt industry,rising towns and active commerce.In addition,the popularity of lectures and games in Chengyi and Fuchou has promoted the development of Bayu gardens,and the scale and quantity of gardens have reached a new height.However,in Yuan Dynasty,the development of Bayu garden declined because of the rulers’ good martial arts,light culture and the aggravation of social exploitation.Ming and Qing Dynasties is the mature period of Bayu garden,but the development process is full of waves.At this time,the garden types include temple garden,Taoist garden,Academy garden,public garden,private garden and new Guild garden.At the end of Qing Dynasty,Ba Yu area was full of waste.The rapid economic development also changed the social structure.The emergence of a large number of handicraftsmen and the rise of commodity economy brought a brand-new garden type of guild hall garden to Ba Yu Garden.It also changed the site selection of garden from mountain and forest land to suburban and urban land.All kinds of elements of garden also tended to be grand,exquisite and luxurious.Compared with the development of Chinese garden,Bayu garden started late.In addition,after the prosperous Tang Dynasty,Chinese garden gradually matured after the prosperous period of development.However,Bayu garden suffered two great disasters in the history of development.After a long recovery,it went back to development.This is the biggest difference between Bayu garden and Chinese garden.