| Urban river is the "blue lifeline" of urban ecosystem and an effective factor affecting regional ecological stability.Nowadays,with the continuous development of ecological civilization construction,the optimization and improvement of urban river landscape is also increasing.Landscape evaluation is an important part of environmental resources evaluation.It is a process of comprehensive evaluation of the current situation of Landscape Based on people’s physiological and psychological perception.In the evaluation and cognition of landscape value,the landscape value is quantified and processed into objective evaluation data by referring to a certain standard system,so as to provide reference for future landscape environmental protection and development.At present,the research on the urban river landscape is mostly considered from the perspective of planning and design methods and theories,while the relevant research on the comprehensive evaluation of the planned urban river landscape is relatively lacking,and the research on how to improve and optimize the urban river landscape after the planning is completed.In this context,the investigation and comprehensive evaluation of urban river landscape can provide some reference for the research,development and optimization of urban river landscape comprehensive evaluation in the future.Firstly,by combing and summarizing the relevant concepts in the research field,this thesis defines the connotation and extension of urban river,urban river landscape and landscape evaluation.At the same time,based on the relevant analysis of the research progress of urban river landscape and landscape evaluation,this thesis carries out the field investigation of yangjiahe urban river landscape in Jinan;Secondly,through Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process（AHP）,the evaluation indexes of urban river landscape are selected,the comprehensive evaluation model of landscape is constructed,and the weight of evaluation indexes is determined.The comprehensive evaluation of yangjiahe urban river landscape in Jinan is carried out,and the comprehensive score of yangjiahe urban river landscape in Jinan is obtained;Finally,according to the investigation status and comprehensive evaluation results of yangjiahe urban river landscape in Jinan,this thesis puts forward the optimization principles,deduces the evaluation indexes of priority optimization,and puts forward targeted optimization suggestions.The main research contents of this thesis are as follows:1.Field survey of yangjiahe urban river landscape in JinanIn terms of natural landscape,the landscape water area is mainly narrow and long.The water landscape mainly has two forms: running water and falling water,and the form of waterscape is relatively single;The landform of yangjiahe river is generally flat,and the part with high terrain adopts the combination of road grading and local steps to enhance the smoothness of the road;There are 77 species of garden plants（belonging to 35 families and 65genera）,including 30 species of arbors,23 species of shrubs,3 species of vines and 21 species of herbs,accounting for 38.96%,29.87%,3.90% and 27.27% of the total number of plants respectively.The ornamental characteristics of plants are mainly flower viewing,leaf viewing,shape viewing and compound ornamental types,accounting for 15.58%,11.69%,2.60% and70.13% of the total number of plants respectively.Evergreen plants and deciduous plants account for 12.98% and 59.74% of the total number of plants respectively,with a ratio of 1:4.6,Deciduous tree species occupy a certain advantage,and the seasonal changes are more obvious.In terms of artificial landscape,the types of buildings are different according to their functions,including rest buildings,entrance buildings,service buildings and exhibition buildings.There is a lack of catering buildings.The building materials are mainly concrete,brick and stone with strong practicability and stability,and wood materials are less used;The sketch landscape is dominated by lighting sketch and rest sketch.The materials are mainly concrete,metal,wood,stone,bakelite,plastic,etc.,and the color is also relatively rich;The landscape road layout is mainly circular,and the pavement form is mainly overall pavement and masonry pavement.The application of pavement materials and colors is rich,and the landscape effect is good.In terms of cultural landscape,citizens meet the requirements of being close to water in ecology;Lack of attention to history education;There is an interactive area of cultural landscape reflecting folk customs;In terms of local characteristics,the arched stone bridge in the Qing Dynasty was preserved and protected,which was highly valued.2.Construction of comprehensive evaluation system of yangjiahe urban river landscape in JinanFirstly,by consulting and analyzing the research results of landscape evaluation such as urban river landscape,urban waterfront landscape and water system landscape,and combined with Delphi method,the evaluation index system is determined,including three project layers of natural landscape,artificial landscape and cultural landscape,hydrological environment,terrain,plant landscape,buildings and structures,square space,transportation facilities,ancillary facilities,landscape sketches,crossing structure The comprehensive evaluation system of yangjiahe urban river landscape in Jinan is constructed with 10 factor layers of regional culture and 24 index layers.Secondly,by means of expert questionnaire survey,sort out the importance ranking of experts on the comprehensive evaluation of urban river landscape in the target layer,and determine the weight through analytic hierarchy process.The weight results are natural landscape B1（0.546）> artificial landscape B2（0.3145）> cultural landscape B3（0.1395）.Finally,according to the different evaluation standards of the evaluation indicators,it is divided into 7 quantitative indicators and 17 qualitative indicators,and the assignment standards of the quantitative indicators and qualitative indicators are determined respectively.At the same time,the calculation method of the comprehensive evaluation score and evaluation grade of yangjiahe urban river landscape are determined.3.Case analysis--comprehensive evaluation of yangjiahe urban river landscape in JinanThrough the sample plot survey and public questionnaire survey of yangjiahe landscape research area,collect and obtain the quantitative index and qualitative index data,calculate the comprehensive evaluation score and evaluation grade,and finally come to the conclusion that the comprehensive evaluation index of yangjiahe urban river landscape is 75.59%,which belongs to the "general" grade,and has great room for improvement and development.From the index level,37.50% of the indicators belong to level II better and above,and 62.50% of the indicators belong to level below better,mainly due to the slight deficiency of urban river in natural landscape and cultural landscape.According to the comprehensive evaluation results and the overall urban river planning of Jinan,the optimization principles of Yangjia River urban river landscape are put forward;At the same time,targeted optimization suggestions are put forward for the evaluation indexes that are at grade IV and V and whose comprehensive score ranking is lower than the weight value ranking: water quality D1,soil fertility D4,plant diversity D6,plant health D9,activity site diversity D13 and landscape sketch richness D19. |
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