| With the improvement of people’s living standards and the improvement of dietary structure,the planting area of soybeans(including bud soybeans)in China has increased year by year,and it is expected to reach 140 million mu by 2020.However,the varieties of soybean buds on the market are currently mixed,and many bean sprouts producers lack special varieties of bean sprouts,which has become a bottleneck restricting the sustainable and healthy development of the bean sprouts industry.There are relatively few reports on the screening of special varieties of bean sprouts and the evaluation of comprehensive nutritional quality of bean sprouts.In this experiment,by comparing the apparent traits,growth period,agronomic traits,yield,grain quality,bean sprout traits and nutritional quality of different bean sprout bean varieties,the special varieties of bean sprouts suitable for planting in the Jianghuai region and having development potential were selected.Special type of bean sprouts production;The selected buds were studied with high-efficiency cultivation mode(sowing period,density,fertilizer)with special soybean varieties.The main test results are as follows:(1)Comparative analysis of apparent traits and main agronomic traits of 10 bud soybean varieties showed that the seed coat color of 10 soybean cultivars for test buds was yellow and green,mostly yellow.The umbilicus is mainly yellow,black,brown,light brown and dark brown,mostly in light brown.The 100-grain weight averaged 16.08 g,of which the small 100 weight of Xiaojinhuang690 was the smallest(8.16 g),and the 100-grain weight of the CangdouNo.10 was the largest(18.74 g).The grain protein content averaged 40.64%,of which Xiaojinhuang690 had the highest protein content(44.09%).The average fat content was 21.17%,and the CangdouNo.10 had the highest fat content(22.24%).(2)The growth period of the tested varieties ranged from 104 to 123 d,the plant height was between 53.65 and 100.57 cm,the stem diameter was between 0.52 and 1.10 cm,the pod height was between 6.45 and 15.73 cm,and the number of branches was 2.60.Between～4.10,the pod length is between 2.75 and 4.84 cm,the pod width is between 0.61 and 0.90 cm,the number of pods per plant is between 28.13 and 36.21,and the number of single pods is between 1.90 and 2.80.The yield of the tested varieties was between 68.38 and 526.22 g,the yield of Xiaojinhuang690 was the lowest(191.92 g),and the yield of the Cangdou No.10 was the highest(526.22 g).(3)The results of comparative analysis of 10 bean sprouts and bean sprouts showed that the average bean sprout length of Lu 0120,Houzimao,Wandou 2000 and Xiaojinhuang690 was significantly higher than other varieties.The longest variety of bean sprouts is Lu 0120(16.72 cm).The average fresh weight of bean sprouts of Lu 0120,Nannong No.2,Wandou2000 and Huai 12-13 was significantly higher than that of other varieties.The highest fresh bean sprout weight was Lu 0120(10.38 g).There were significant differences in the germination rate and yield of bean sprouts among different varieties.The germination rate and yield of Xiaojinhuang690 were significantly higher than other varieties(99.33%and 522.83%,respectively).After germination,the soluble sugar content(56.95%),soluble protein content(37.23%),crude fat content(35.10%)and vitamin C content(14.10%)of Xiaojinhuang690 were significantly higher than other varieties;the highest isoflavone content It is Cangdou No.10(0.2%).(4)The comprehensive membership function values of 10 varieties are obviously different.From high to low,they are Xiaojinhuang690,Houzimao,Wandou2000,Lu 0120,Zhonghuang301,Nannong No.2,Suidou No.8,Huai 12-13,Cangdou No.10,Huai 14-06,in which the comprehensive membership function value is greater than 10,there are Xiaojinhuang690,Houzimao,Wandou2000 and Lu 0120,the largest comprehensive value is Xiaojinhuang690(12.41),the smallest It is Huai 14-06(8.17).The results showed that four varieties of Xiaojinhuang690,Houzimao,Wandou2000 and Lu 0120 were more suitable for bean sprout bean special varieties.(5)The results of sowing date and density test showed that with the increase of planting density,the plant height,branch number,number of pods per plant,number of grains per plant and grain weight per plant gradually decreased,and the pod height gradually decreased.The yield increased first and then decreased,indicating that the planting density had a significant effect on the growth period,agronomic traits and yield of bean sprouts.The comprehensive analysis showed that the optimal planting density was:30cm×30cm;with the delay of sowing date,The plant height of Houzimao is gradually increasing,and the plant height of Xiaojinhuang690 did not change significantly.The yields of the two soybeans showed an increasing trend.Therefore,the two kinds of bud soybeans are suitable for the B3 sowing period(May 20).(6)Analysis of agronomic traits,yield components and grain quality under different concentrations of molybdenum fertilizers showed that the crude protein content increased first and then decreased with the increase of molybdenum fertilizer concentration,and the difference was significant,and the crude fat content did not change significantly.When the concentration of molybdenum fertilizer was 2%,the plant height,pod number per plant and plot yield of Xiaojinhuang690 soybean plants were significantly higher than that of the control and other treatments,so the suitable molybdenum fertilizer spraying concentration was 2%.In summary,the four varieties of Xiaojinhuang690,Houzimao,Wandou 2000 and Lu 0120 are more suitable for the bud-specific soybean varieties planted in the Jianghuai region.The suitable sowing date is around May 20,suitable.Density line spacing:30 cm×30 cm,spraying 3%concentration of molybdenum fertilizer in the flower bud stage can effectively increase the number of pods per plant,the yield and the crude protein content of the grain. |
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