Effects Of Compound Regulators On Lodging Resistance And Yield Of Maize

Maize is an important food crop in China.Its high and stable yield is of great significance to China’s food security and sustainable development of national economy.In the production,the yeild of maize could be increased by the increasing planting density.But the high planting density often causes lodging phenomenon,which leads to the decline of corn yield and quality.Crop chemical control technology has been widely used in agricultural production due to its high efficiency,low cost,high safety,little residue and strong pertinence.Among them,ethrel,a chemical regulatory substance,could change maize plant morphology and improve lodging resistance,but it has a certain inhibitory effect on individual growth of maize,and improper use often produces a negative effect on yield.Four maize varieties(Zhengdan 958,Yudan9953,Yudan112,Yuyu30)were used as experimental material,and three concentrations(300mg/kg,400mg/kg,500mg/kg)of ethephon were mixed with different concentrations of KT30,6-BA and BR for studying the effects of compound regulators on maize yield,morphology and mechanical characteristics.The aim was to determine the best way of compound and provided a theoretical and technical basis for the application of chemical control technology in maize production.The main results were as follow:1.In terms of yield components,reasonable KT30,6-BA and BR compounded with ethrel could increase maize yield by influencing yield components.The effects of three compounding methods had same points on maize yield components: the yield of maize could be increased by increasing a hundred kernel weight.The effects of the three compounding methods on maize yield components had different points: the combination of KT30 and ethephon could increase maize yield by reducing the bald length and increasing the number of ears in the plot.The combination of 6-BA and ethrel could increase maize yield by increasing ear length and number of kernels per line.The combination of BR and ethephon can increase maize yield by increasing ear diameter and number of grain rows.2.Reasonable combination of KT30,6-BA and BR with ethephon could reduce plant height,ear height and plant height coefficient.E3A1,E1A2,E2A2,E3A2,E1A3,E2A3,E1B2,E2B2,E3B2,E1B3,E3B3,E3C1,E1C2,E3C2,E2C3 of Zhengdan 958,E1A1,E2A1,E3A1,E3A2,E1B1,E2B1,E3B1,E1B2,E2B2,E3B2,E3B2,E3B2,E1C2,E2C3 and E2C3 of Yudan 9953,E2A2,E3A2,E1A3,E1B1,E3B1,E1B2,E2B2,E2C1,E1C2 of Yudan112,E1A1,E2A1,E3A1,E3A2,E1B1,E2B1,E3B1,E1B2,E2B2,E3B2,E3B3,E1C2,E2C3 of Yuyu 30 could significantly reduce the plant height coefficient and improve the lodging resistance of plants,and the decrease of plant height coefficient was mainly related to the reduction of ear height.3.Most of the reasonable combination of KT30,6-BA and BR with ethephon could increase the puncture strength,bending strength and pressure resistance of stems.The treatments that had significantly increased the bending force of 3 and 5stalks included E2C3,E1A2,E1B2,E3A1,E2C1,E1C2,E2B2,E3B2,E2C2,E1A3,E1B3,E2B1,E2A3,E2B3,E3A2,E2A2 of Zhengdan958,E2C1,E1B3,E1A3,E2A2,E2C2,E2B3,E3B3,E2B1,E3A3,E2A3 of Yudan 9953,E3B2,E2B1,E3A2,E2A2 of Yudan 112 and E1B1,E1B2,E2C3,E2B1,E3B2,E1A3,E3A1,E3B1,E2B2,E3B3,E3C3,E2A1 of Yuyu 30.4.While increasing the yield of Zhengdan 958,the treatment of E1A3,E2A3 and E1B3 could increase the lodging resistance by reducing plant height coefficient,increasing stem strength and bending force,among which E1A3 and E2A3 could increase leaf area;E2B1 could increase the lodging resistance by increasing stem strength,bending force and pressure.While increasing the yield of Yudan 9953,the treatment of E1A1 and E2A1 could increase the lodging resistance by reducing the plant height coefficient,increasing the strength,bending force and pressure resistance of the stem;E2B2 could increase the lodging resistance by increasing the strength of the stem;and the treatment of E1C2 could increase the lodging resistance by increasing the pressure resistance.While increasing the yield of Yudan112,the treatments of E1A3,E1B1 and E1C2 could increase the lodging resistance by reducing plant height coefficient and increasing stem strength.While increasing the yield of Yuyu 30,the treatment of E2C3,E1B2,E2A1 and E2B2 could increase the lodging resistance by reducing the plant height coefficient and increasing the pressure resistance.The treatments of E1A2,E2C1,E3C2 and E2C2 could increase the lodging resistance by increasing the bending strength.5.In ETH+KT30 treatment,the maximum yields of Zhengdan 958,Yudan 9953,Yudan 112 and Yuyu 30 appeared in E1A3,E1A1,E1A1 and E1A3 treatments,respectively,and the order from large to small was Yuyu 30 > Yudan 9953 >Zhengdan 958 > Yudan 112.Reasonable concentration of ETH+KT30 had the greatest impact on the yield of Zhengdan 958;In ETH+6-BA treatment,the maximum yields of Zhengdan 958,Yudan 9953,Yudan 112 and Yuyu 30 appeared in E1B1,E1B2,E1B3 and E1B3 treatments,respectively,and the order from large to small was Yudan9953 > Zhengdan 958 > Yuyu 30 > Yudan 112.Reasonable concentration of ETH+KT30 had the greatest impact on the yield of Yudan 9953;In ETH+BR treatment,the maximum yields of Zhengdan 958,Yudan 9953,Yudan 112 and Yuyu30 appeared in E1C1,E1C2,E1C3 and C2 treatments,respectively,and the order from large to small was Yudan 9953 > Yuyu 30 > Yudan 112 > Zhengdan 958.