Effects Of Eubiotic Lignocellulose And Rearing System On Growth Performance,Gut Microbiota And Immunity Of Bian Chickens

Growth performance and the structure of gut microbiota were studied under different rearing systems and feed’s probiotic lignocellulose levels in order to provide ideas for the application of new feed additives.A total of 108 healthy 1-day-old chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group.They were caged before 8 weeks old,the control group was fed a basal diet,treatment 1 and 2 were added 1% and 2% eubiotic lignocellulose to the basal diet respectively.Between 9-20 weeks old,a 2×3experimental design was adopted.Fifty-four chickens were transferred to three-layer ladder cage and continue caging,they were divided into three treatments with six replicates,each replicate had three chickens.In addition,another 36 chickens were divided into three equal areas and each area was treated as one treatment with 12 chickens.control group,treatment 1 and 2 of cage and stocking culture were fed basal diet,2% and 4% eubiotic lignocellulose added in basal diet respectively.The main results are showed as follows:(1)1-8 weeks: eubiotic lignocellulose had no significant effect on growth performance,cecal tissue morphology,crude fiber digestibility,intestinal microbial diversity,GLP-1,blood glucose and cecal mucus layer thickness(P > 0.05);adding 2% eubiotic lignocellulose significantly increased the relative abundance of Butyricinonas and the content of acetate and butyrate in cecal chyme(P <0.05);The relative abundance of Bacteroides taiotaomicron of 2% group was significantly higher than that of the 1% group,but the weight of muscle and stomach was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).(2)9-20 weeks: 1)Eubiotic lignocellulose and rearing system had no significant effect on production performance,cecal tissue morphology and short chain fatty acid content(P>0.05).2)The body weight,liver weight,crop weight and full bore rate of cage Bian roosters(CBR)were significantly higher than that of the free-range Bian roosters(FBR),but the weight and length of small intestine and chest muscle rate were significantly lower than those of the FBR(P<0.05).3)Adding 2% eubiotic lignocellulose,the number of OTUs,ACE,Shannon index of the FBR were significantly higher than those of the CBR(P<0.01);the unique intestinal microbial species of the FBR were more than those of the CBR.The OTUs number and αdiversity of 4% group were significantly higher than that of the 2% group(P<0.05)and the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium 、 Sutterella and Akkermansia were increased in groups added eubiotic lignocellulose(P<0.05)in caged chickens.The number of OTUs and β-diversity of 4% group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05)and the relative abundances of Faecalibacterium and Roseburia were increased significantly by added eubiotic lignocellulose in free-range chickens(P<0.05).4)The interaction effect of eubiotic lignocellulose and rearing system on blood glucose content was significant(P<0.01),the blood glucose concentration of 2% group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.01)in CBR,and the blood glucose and GLP-1 of CBR were significantly higher than that of FBR(P<0.01).5)The thickness of the mucus layer in CBR was significantly higher than that in the FBR(P<0.05).The thickness of the mucus layer of 2% group was significantly higher than that of the control group in CBR.In summary,the results showed that adding 2% lignocellulose was appropriate for free-range chickens,while 4% lignocellulose was appropriate for caged chickens between 9-20 weeks.