Genetic Rule And Transcriptome Analysis Of Internode Length Of Tomato

In order to obtain the genetic rules and regulatory genes of short internodes of tomato,this study took 6 intergenerational populations（P₁,P₂,F₁,B₁,B₂,F₂）as the test materials to construct long internode DH and short internode CH The main morphological,physiological and biochemical investigations and determinations of the two tomato lines at the seedling stage and the fruiting stage were carried out.The main gene+polygene genetic analysis method was used to genetically analyze the internode length of the tomato;Screen for genes that may regulate internode length.The research results are as follows:（1）At the seedling stage,the average internode length of the two tomato lines DH and CH were 2.62cm and 1.86cm respectively;the soluble sugar content was 0.07%and 0.05%;the average value of POD was 47.36 U/g.min,9.60 U/g.min;The average SOD is 4.61 U/g.min,4.48 U/g.min;The average internode length,soluble sugar content,POD,and SOD of the two tomato lines at the seedling stage were significantly different.Through correlation analysis,the correlation coefficient between the average internode length of tomato seedlings and the yield per plant was-0.727;the correlation coefficient between the average internode length of tomato and plant height was-0.465.（2）In the fruiting period,the average internode length of the two tomato lines DH and CH were 7.78cm and 6.17cm respectively;the yield per plant was 2049.81g and 2699.90g;the soluble sugar content was 0.12%and 0.23%respectively;The average values of POD are 2.93 U/g.min and 2.71 U/g.min;the average values of SOD are 3235.18 U/g.min and 1170.00 U/g.min,respectively.There were significant differences between the average internode length,yield per plant,soluble sugar content,POD and SOD of the two tomato lines during the fruiting period.Through correlation analysis,the correlation coefficient between the average internode length and yield per plant of tomato is-0.959;the correlation coefficient between the average internode length and plant height of tomato is-0.363.（3）In the seedling stage and fruiting stage,the genetic models of the internode length of the six generation populations of the two tomato lines DH and CH are two pairs of additive-dominant epistatic major genes+additive dominant dominant epistatic gene.At the seedling stage,the heritability of the main gene of tomato B₁internode length was 100%;the heritability of the main gene of tomato B₂ internode length was 20.72%;the heritability of tomato F₂ internode length was 62.52%;The heritability of multiple genes in the inter-length is 0%.In the fruiting period,the heritability of the main gene of tomato B₁ internode length was 38.72%;the heritability of the main gene of tomato B₂ internode length was 1.21%;the heritability of tomato F₂ internode length was 22.5%;the internode length of tomato B₁ The polygenic heritability of length is 0%;the heritability of tomato B₂ internode length is44.72%;the heritability of tomato F₂ internode length is 21.88%.The heritability of major genes in the internode length of seedlings B₁,B₂,and F₂ were greater than the heritability of major genes in the internode length of fruiting stage.（4）The two tomato lines were screened for differential genes,and there were1690 genes that were significantly differentially expressed,including 637 genes that were up-regulated and 1053 genes that were down-regulated.Screening 16 genes related to plant hormones from the up-down genes.The genes related to the regulation of internode length selected from the pyruvate metabolism pathway are malate dehydrogenase,phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 4,pyruvate kinase isoenzyme A,and acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase 1.Four genes related to the length of internodes were screened from the glycolysis pathway,namely fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase,pyruvate decarboxylase 1,L-lactate dehydrogenase,and triose phosphate isomerase.At the same time,the transcription factors that regulate the development of internodes are selected such as MYB,WRKY,TCP,bHLH,NAC and other transcription factors.