Effects Of Alternate Diets With Different Energy Protein Levels On The Performance Of Sows

This study was conducted to analysis the effect of alternating diets with different levels of energy and nitrogen on reproductive performance,plasma antioxidant indexes,immune indexes and hormones of gestation sows using feed trial,chemical analysis.This study aims to provide research fundation for biological clock on metabolism of nutrients and thus the performance of sows,and provide reliable reference data for accurate feeding.Forty-two Canadian white sows of similar weight were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 16 repetitions in each group and 1 sow in each repetition.They are the control group(middle energy and protein in the morning,middle energy and protein in the night),test group Ⅰ(low energy and protein in the morning,high energy and protein in the night)and test group Ⅱ(high energy and protein in the moring,low energy and protein in the night).The experimental period was divided into pregnancy and lactation.The whole gestation period is divided into two stages:0-90 days in the early trimester of pregnacy;91 days until be confined in the late trimester of pregnacy.1)Compared with the control group,the average daily gain(ADG)of group Ⅰ increased significantly from 36 to 90 days of pregnancy(P<0.01).The total litter size in group Ⅰ was higher than that in control group by 2 heads(P>0.05);the live birth number in group Ⅰ was higher than that in control group by 1.38 heads(P>0.05);the healthy litter size in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ was higher than that in control group by 1.06 and 0.94 heads respectively(P>0.05);there was no significant difference in birth weight and average weight between the three groups(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,immunoglobulin G(IgG)had no significant effect at 35 days of pregnancy,but there was a significant difference between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ(P<0.05).The plasma IgG concentration in 105 days of pregnancy in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ and control group(P<0.01).The plasma immunoglobulin M(IgM)of pregnant sows had no significant difference between groups(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the activity of catalase(CAT)in group Ⅰincreased at 35 days of pregnancy,the difference was significant(P<0.05),and the CAT in the group Ⅰ increased significantly at 80 days of pregnancy(P<0.01),and group Ⅰ was significantly higher than group Ⅱ(P<0.05);compared with the control group,the malondialdehyde(MDA)in the group II was significantly reduced at 80 days of pregnancy(P<0.01),at pregnancy 35 d,the MDA of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the leptin(LEP)was significantly increased at 80 days of pregnancy in group Ⅰ(P<0.05);the IGF-Ⅰ in test groups at 105 days of pregnancy was significantly lower than control group(P<0.01).5)Alternate feeding with different energy nitrogen has no significant effect on blood ALB,TP,LDL,HDL,GLU.6)Compared with the control group,the piglet umbilical cord blood IgG test groupⅠ was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the test group Ⅰ was significantly higher than the test group Ⅱ(P<0.01).7)Compared with the control group,the catalase(CAT)of the piglet cord blood group Ⅱ was significantly reduced(P<0.01);the catalase(CAT)of groupⅡ was significantly lower than group Ⅰ(P<0.01);the glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05).8)Compared with the control group,the albumin(ALB)in group Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with the control group,the total protein(TP)in group Ⅱ was significantly reduced(P<0.01),The total protein(TP)group Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with the control group,glucose(GLU)group Ⅱ was significantly increased(P<0.05),glucose(GLU)group Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.01).In conclusion,the reproductive performance of pregnant sows was improved,and the antioxidant capacity and the immunity were enhanced when they were feed the diets with low energy ang protein in morning,high in afternoon.At the same time,it can adjust hormone levels and improve the blood metabolism of piglet cord blood.