| Soybean is an important vegetable source of edible protein and oil.The 100-seed weight of soybean was closely related to yield and appearance quality,and was affected by seed length,seed width and seed thickness.There was significant correlation between 100-seed weight and seed length,seed width and seed thickness.The mutual interference affects the evaluation of genetic effects among traits,thus affecting the accuracy and efficacy of QTL detection.In order to accurately identify the QTL for seed appearance quality of soyb ean,this study used the four-way recombinant inbred line population created in previous research as material.Through multi-environment planting,the traits of 100-seed weight,seed length,seed width and seed height were measured,and the QTL for 100-seed weight and seed shape traits of soybean was located by the method of multivariate condition variable analysis.result as follows:(1)The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between 100 seed weight and seed length,seed width and seed height,and the variance of genotype × environment interaction effect was greater than that of genotype.Seed type traits can increase the variation of100-seed weight.The effect of three-factor combination of seed length,seed width and seed thickness is higher than that of two-factor combination,and the effect of two-factor combination is higher than that of single-factor combination.The interaction of seed width and seed width × seed thickness decreased the variation of seed length.The inter action effect of seed thickness,seed length × seed thickness increased the variation of seed width,while seed length decreased the variation of seed width.The interaction effect of seed length,seed width and seed length × seed width could increase the variation of seed thickness.(2)The constructed genetic map contained 20 linkage groups(LGS)of soybean.The genetic map contained 137 SSR markers,covering a total genome length of 1886.80 cm.The genetic distance of each linkage group ranged from 19.68cm(LG h)to 163.67cm(LG f),and the average genetic length was 94.34 cm.Each linkage group contained 4-11 markers,and the average genetic distance between the two markers was 16.13 cm.(3)A total of 98 QTLs were located in 86 regions on 20 chromosomes,i ncluding 31 QTLs for100-seed weight,21 QTLs for seed length,23 QTLs for seed width,and 21 QTLs for seed height.5.18%-16.84%,6.55%-19.05%,5.19%-17.80% and 4.86%-15.93% of the total variation of each trait were explained,respectively.11,8,9 and 8 QTLs contributed more than 10% to the total variation of each trait.All QTLs were distributed on 20 chromosomes.Among all QTL identified for the four trait,3,4,0,and 4 were detected directly by unconditional variables,4,4,8,and 5were detected by both unconditional and conditional variables,and 24,13,15,and 12 were detected only by conditional variables.In the whole genome,24 of the 85 regions were found to control more than two traits,and 17 cluster distribution regions were found to contr ol multiple traits such as seed weight,seed length,seed width and seed height.(4)In addition,we found several QTL loci controlling 100 seed weight related traits.For example,in Sat＿222-Satt582、Satt293-Sat＿180、Satt346-Sat＿121、Satt293-Sat＿180Multiple QTL loci controlling 100 seed weight and its related traits were found in 180 and other marker intervals,which were all due to the introduction of conditional variables.It can be seen that conditional variables can increase the number of QTL loci and select more effective QTL loci for us.The results of this study lay a foundation for gene mining and molecular breeding of 100 seed weight and seed shape related traits. |
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