| Macrobrachium rosenbergii,as a species widely cultured in aquaculture,has been widely reported on its nutritional physiology.On the one hand,soybean oil,rapeseed oil and fish oil were selected as different lipid sources of Macrobrachium rosenbergii,and efforts on positions,flesh mass and antioxygenation ability.Finally,the most suitable lipid sources were selected.On the other hand,vitamin E was supplemented in three different lipid sources.To explore whether supplementation of high level VE in vegetable fat sources can achieve good results in replacing fish oil.It said:1.Effects of Three Fat Sources on Growth,Hepatopancreas,Meat Quality and Body Composition of Macrobrachium rosenbergiiIn this study,juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii shrimp was used as experimental object,fish meal,gelatin and casein as protein sources,starch and dextrin as sugar sources,soybean oil,rapeseed oil and fish oil as fat sources respectively,to produce three groups of nitrogen isoenergetic feed.Each group was fed with three groups of feed respectively and fed in a cement pond for 8 weeks.The shrimp in the cement pond were weighed and counted,and the growth and body indexes were recorded.The liver and pancreas of shrimp were collected for ultrastructural observation and cell apoptosis detection.The muscle was collected for muscle texture index analysis,water retention analysis and sensory evaluation index detection.And Microscopic ultrastructure observation showed that shrimp hepatopancreas in vegetable oil group was normal,while that in fish oil group was abnormal in nuclear atrophy and deformation.TUNEL assay showed that soybean oil and rapeseed oil accounted for about 10-20%of hepatopancreas apoptosis,while fish oil group accounted for 60%.For flesh meat,the recovery,hardness and glue stickiness of muscle in fish oil group were higher than those in vegetable oil group(P<0.05).In the aspect of body composition detection,rapeseed oil group had the highest fat content(P<0.05).2.Effects of VE supplementation with three fat sources on growth,serum biochemical,antioxidant of Macrobrachium rosenbergiiIn this experiment,soybean oil,rapeseed oil and fish oil were used and normal and high levels of VE were supplemented in each fat source.Six equal nitrogen groups were designed:soybean oil control group(200 mg/kg VE),soybean oil experimental group(600 mg/kg VE),rapeseed oil control group(200 mg/kg VE),rapeseed oil experimental group(600 mg/kg VE),fish oil(200 mg/kg VE),fish oil experimental group(600 mg/kg VE).Six groups of 900 Macrobrachium rosenbergii were fed with isoenergetic feed for 8 weeks,and the shrimp were taken for ammonia nitrogen stress experiment.The results of culture experiment showed that there was no difference in growth performance and feed utilization between the experimental group and the control group in the same fat source(P>0.05);The fish oil experimental group was lower than the rapeseed oil experimental group(P<0.05);and in survival rate.In the aspect of muscle texture,the rapeseed oil experimental group significantly improved the muscle hardness,cohesion,resilience and glue stickiness(P<0.05).In terms of serum,fish oil and soybean oil decreased the of some transaminase;among the control groups,the total cholesterol content in serum of rapeseed oil group was higher than that of fish oil,the activity of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase was lower than that of fish oil(P<0.05),and the activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in soybean oil group was lower than that of fish In terms of antioxidant,the soybean oil and fish oil experimental group could enhance the total antioxidant capacity of serum(P<0.05),rapeseed oil experimental group could enhance the activity of serum glutathione peroxidase(P<0.05);among the 200mg/kg groups,the total antioxidant capacity of serum in rapeseed oil and fish oil group was higher than that in soybean oil(P<0.05),and the activity of serum in fish oil group was higher than that in soybean oil and rapeseed oil group.Serum T-AOC and GSH-PX in fish oil group were very higher than those in vegetable oil group(P<0.05).3.Effects of VE supplementation with three fat sources on ammonia-nitrogen resistance of Macrobrachium rosenbergiiThe results of ammonia nitrogen stress experiment showed that compared with the 200mg/kg VE group,fish oil experiment group could significantly reduce total cholesterol and alanine aminotransferase activity(P<0.05),but could not significantly reduce glutamic oxaloacetic aminotransferase activity(P>0.05),rapeseed oil experiment group could not reduce total serum protein content(P>0.05);soybean oil experiment group could increase serum albumin content(P<0.05);The total serum protein in vegetable oil was higher than that in fish oil,and the serum TG and TC in soybean oil group were higher than those in other groups(P<0.05).In conclusion,By comparing the effects of three kinds of fat sources and high level vitamin E supplementation on growth performance,meat quality,antioxidant and ammonia resistance of Macrobrachium rosenbergii,it was concluded that soybean oil and rapeseed oil had better effects on Macrobrachium rosenbergii than fish oil when adding normal level VE;before and after supplementation of 600 mg/kg VE,it was found that supplementation of rapeseed oil could improve muscle quality,and supplementation of rapeseed oil and fish oil could protect liver.Pancreas,supplemented with three fat sources,can enhance antioxidant capacity,fish oil and rapeseed oil can resist ammonia nitrogen stress;after VE supplementation,the growth performance of soybean oil and rapeseed oil is better than that of fish oil,muscle quality of fish oil is better than that of soybean oil and rapeseed oil,antioxidant capacity of fish oil is better than that of soybean oil and rapeseed oil,and rapeseed oil is resistant to ammonia nitrogen stress is better than fish oil and soybean oil. |
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