The Effect On Soil Improvement And Corn Yield Increasing Effect Of An Integrated System Of Raising Geese In Cornfields

Nowadays,excessive application of chemical fertilizer in agricultural production leads to resource waste,soil acidification and hardening,which was not conducive to crop growth and other problems.Organic fertilizer can promote soil microbial activity and soil nutrient content,so it is particularly important to explore a reasonable way of organic fertilizer input.An integrated system of raising geese in cornfields is a sustainable,environmental protection and ecological breeding mode of corn and geese growing together.In this study,the composition of soil microbial community and bacterial metabolic function were analysed by using high-throughput sequencing technology and Biolog-Eco method.Meanwhile,soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities were used as evaluation indexes to explore the effects of an integrated system of raising geese in cornfields on soil fertility,soil microbial community composition,metabolic function,growth and yield of corn,to provide a theoretical basis for reducing weight and medicine and promoting green ecological agriculture planting mode.The results were as follows:An integrated system of raising geese in cornfields had realized the sustainable production of plant-animal co-breeding,which could improve soil fertility,reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.An integrated system of raising geese in cornfields significantly increased the contents of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter.The activities of soil alkaline phosphatase,urease,sucrose enzyme,cellulase and catalase were increased,soil p H value was reduced and soil nutrient conversion ability was enhanced.An integrated system of raising geese in cornfields could improve the ecological environment of corn growth and change the structure of soil microbial community.Beneficial bacteria such as Lysobacter,Luteimonas,Haliangium,Thermobifida,Flavobacterium and beneficial fungi such as Fusarium and Pseudallescheria in the bulk and rhizosphere soils of an integrated system of raising geese in cornfields significantly enriched,and the relative abundance of fungi that cause plant diseases such as Ustilago and Oidiodendron in the soil of conventional planting mode were relatively high.An integrated system of raising geese in cornfields could also enhance the metabolism of soil bacteria.The metabolic capacity of bacteria in bulk and rhizosphere soil bacteria during the growth period of an integrated system of raising geese in cornfields was stronger than that under conventional corn cultivation mode.The utilization efficiency of six carbon sources increased first and then decreased.The overall utilization capacity was amino acids,carbohydrates,polymers,carboxylic acids,amines and phenolic acids.The results of RDA analysis showed that,based on the change of microenvironment,the relationship between soil microbial community,metabolic function,soil enzyme activity and environmental factors changed strongly under an integrated system of raising geese in cornfields.The results showed that the beneficial bacteria in the soil were significantly enriched,and positively correlated with soil nutrient content,soil enzyme activity and six carbon sources,and negatively correlated with soil p H.An integrated system of raising geese in cornfields was beneficial to promote the accumulation of crop nutrients,increase the nutrient accumulation of corn stem,leaf and grain,and improve the yield of corn.The accumulation of grain N,P,and K would increase34.77～41.95%,32.30%～46.66%,34.69%～42.26% in 2018 and 2019,respectively.Corn production increased by 19.15% and 22.32% under an integrated system of raising geese in cornfields in 2018 and 2019.