Effects Of Intar-Row Cover Crop On Soil And Plant Mineral Nutrition And Fruit Quality In Vineyard

Cover crop in orchard is an advanced soil management mode.At present,under the condition of drip irrigation and mechanical operation,grape roots are generally limited in the field.At present,vineyard cover crop mainly studies inter row grass,but there are few reports on the effect of intar-row grass which is more closely related to the root system of fruit trees on the growth and development of vineyard soil and trees.Our previous research shows that cover crop on intar-row can improve the soil,promote the growth and development of grapes,and improve the fruit quality.In this study,kyoho grape was used as the test material,alfalfa,ryegrass,ryegrass and alfalfa 1:1 mixed sowing,white clover,natural grass was planted in the row,respectively,and clear tillage and black plastic film mulching(CK)was used as the control to study the effects of intar-row cover cropon soil physical and chemical properties,tree nutrients and fruit quality,and to screen the suitable grass species for the northern buried soil and cold proof area.The results are as follows:1.The effects of intar-row cover crop on vineyard soilCompared with the control,the soil bulk density of 0-20 cm was decreased,soil water content was increased,soil pH was adjusted to neutral,soil organic matter content was increased,soil sucrase activity,amylase activity and urease activity were increased,soil available phosphorus,nitrate nitrogen,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total iron content were increased,and soil ammonium nitrogen,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium,total phosphorus,total potassium,total phosphorus and total iron content were increased.The content of total magnesium,total zinc and total manganese had no significant effect.2.The effects of intar-row cover crop on mineral nutrition of plant leaves and earsCompared with the control,the effect of grass treatment on chlorophyll content of grape leaves was not significant,which increased the content of total potassium,total calcium,total zinc and total copper in leaves,reduced the total nitrogen content and total magnesium content in petiole,and reduced the content of total potassium and total calcium in the ear.3.The effects of intar-row cover crop on fruit qualityCompared with the control,planting alfalfa in row significantly increased the single grain weight of grape fruit,ryegrass and clover significantly increased the content of anthocyanin and vitamin C in peel,ryegrass significantly increased the content of soluble solids in grape fruit,and grass treatment slightly reduced the content of titratable acid in grape fruit.The results showed that the content of ethyl acetate in the treatment of ryegrass,mixed planting and clover was significantly increased.The treatment of intarrow cover cropsignificantly increased the strength of grape peel,but had slight effect on the hardness of grape pulp.Through topsis analysis,the fruit quality index of ryegrass planted in the row was the highest,and the comprehensive quality of the fruit was the best.Therefore,the technical measures of planting ryegrass in the row were recommended in grape cultivation.In general,compared with the control,the endogenous grass has a certain influence on the soil.The absorption of some nutrients by grass has a competition with the grape tree body.The main competitive nutrient is ammonium nitrogen in the soil.The residual after grass cutting provides a lot of organic matter to the soil,and the treatment of endophyte has a certain influence on the absorption of mineral elements in the tree.The effect of Endophyte on the absorption of mineral elements in leaves was not significant;The content of nitrogen and magnesium in petiole was mainly affected by the treatment of grass;The treatment of endophyte affected the absorption of total potassium and calcium by ear.The results showed that the quality of ryegrass was the best in line planting,and it was suggested to plant ryegrass in the production.