Analysis And Evaluation Of Nutritional Components In Different Subspecies Of Potato

Tuber quality is an important character in potato breeding and is one of the most important economic indicator for development of potato industry.Collection,screening and evaluation for potato germplasm resources,which have important theoretical and practical significance for genetic improvement of quality traits,selection and breeding of high-quality varieties and production of high-quality processed products,and also for improvement of international competitiveness of potato industry,and to alleviate the food pressure brought by population growth.In order to screen the cultivars which can be used as parent materials for high quality breeding in Anhui Province,or the cultivars with high comprehensive evaluation for potato processing industry,50 potato cultivars(2 subspecies)were used as experimental materials,and 7 main quality characters were determined and analyzed in our study.The main results are as follows:Ⅰ.Fifty potato cultivars were observed and evaluated for the agronomic characters,and the results showed that there were some genetic diversity in yield,skin color,flesh color and tuber length.It was found that the number of colored potato materials in subspecies T was more than that in subspecies A,and the color types were more abundant,which could be used as parent material library of colored potato.Such as material T19 which skin and flesh are purple,and material T24 which skin is pink and flesh is purple,and material T17 which skin and flesh are tend to pink.Ⅱ.Seven quality traits of 50 potato cultivars were analyzed and comprehensively evaluated by subspecies,and a series of high quality breeding parents were obtained.Among them,the breeding parents with a single character that is better,smaller coefficient of variation and more stable heredity are included:(1)materials with high contents of protein: A16,A15 and A5,T11,T5 and T10;(2)materials with high content of dry material:A12,A2 and A21,T11,T10 and T21;(3)materials with high content of starch: A12,A2 and A16,T11,T10 and T25;(4)materials with low content of reducing sugar: A2,A4 and A23;(5)materials with high content of amino acid: T6,T3 and T11;(6)materials with high content of vitamin C: T11,T10 and T9.Among them,the breeding parents with a single character that is better,larger coefficient of variation and less stable heredity are included:(1)materials with high content of amino acid: A4,A7 and A8;(2)materials with high content of vitamin C: A12,A2 and A21;(3)materials with low content of solanine:A4,A2 and A3,T7,T1 and T8;(4)materials with low content of reducing sugars: T21,T23 and T25.However,the materials with higher comprehensive evaluation are A12,A16 and A2,T11,T10 and T9.Ⅲ.The suitable parent materials which could be used as processing quality breeding,or processing potato resources with high dry matter,high starch,low reducing sugar and low content of solanine were screened and obtained: A2,A4,A12,A14,A16 and A18 in subspecies A,T7,T10,T14 and T19 in subspecies T.Suitable parents or intermediate materials with high vitamin C,high protein and high amino acid content,which can be used as breeding for nutritional quality(fresh potato,food processing potato),were obtained: A8,A9,A14 and A15 in subspecies A,T5,T6,T10 and T11 in subspecies T.Ⅳ.The results of the mean value comparison,correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that the overall character of potato germplasm resources in cultivated subspecies A was better than that in subspecies T.The first principal component factor of subspecies A was dry matter,and its content of dry matter was positively correlated with starch and vitamin C,respectively,and negatively correlated with reducing sugar.Vitamin C is the first major component of subspecies T,and its content of vitamin C is positively correlated with dry matter,starch,protein and free amino acids,respectively.Therefore,germplasm resource materials in subspecies A are more suitable for breeding and promotion of the processed potato,while germplasm resource materials in subspecies T are more suitable for breeding and promotion of the nutritional potato.