| In order to provide a theoretical basis for assessing the risk of drug resistance of canine-derived bacteria and scientific drug use in this region,a total of 449 canine anal swab samples were collected from a number of pet hospitals,police dog bases,and dog breeding bases in Urumqi.E.coli,Salmonella,S.aureus,E.faecalis,and E.faecium.were isolated and identified,and 5 kinds of canine-derived bacteria were tested for MIC of various antibacterial drugs by agar dilution method,and drug resistance genes were detected by PCR amplification method.The test results were as follows:Among the 449 canine samples collected,335 strains of E.coli,10 strains of Salmonella,13 strains of S.aureus,81 strains of E.faecalis,and 42 strains of E.faecium were isolated.The results of drug resistance showed that the overall severity of drug resistance of the isolated strains in descending order was Salmonella,S.aureus,E.coli,E.faecium,and E.faecalis,and different strains were all resistant to tetracycline（more than 72.5%）.Besides,Salmonella was 100.0%resistant to other antibacterial drugs tested,except for imipenem;the resistance rate of S.aureus to 6 kinds of antibacterial drugs exceeds 61.5%,including oxacillin,and completely sensitive to vancomycin.E.coli was highly resistant to sulfisoxazole（70.1%）and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid（61.8%）,and has low levels of resistance to ciprofloxacin,amikacin and imipenem;the resistance rate of E.faecalis and E.faecium to the tested antibacterial drugs was between 2.5%and 51.9%,and completely sensitive to ampicillin,amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and vancomycin.The results of the multidrug resistance spectrum showed that:E.coli was especially resistant to A/C+GEN+CRO+TAZ+TET+FIS 6-resistant spectrum（15.8%）;Salmonella was resistant to AMK+GEN+EN+CIP+A/C+CRO+TAZ+FIS+TET 9-resistant spectrum（100.0%）;S.aureus was mainly resistant to OXA+CIP+EN+AMK+GEN+TET+ERY 7-resistant spectrum（46.2%）;E.faecalis was mainly resistant to GEN+TET 2-resistant spectrum（33.3%）,and E.faecium was dominated by TET resistant type（31.0%）.The results of drug resistance gene testing showed that all strains carried aminoglycoside,quinolone and tetracycline resistance genes,while no glycopeptide or carbapenem resistance genes were detected;among them,tetA,aac（6’）-Ib,sul Ⅱ,and bla CTX-M were detected in each E.coli and Salmonella,and therefore the detection rate of those four genes in Salmonella was 100.0%,while those in E.coli were 54.3%,15.8%,46.6%,42.1%,respectively;the detection rates of tetM,aph（3’）-Ⅲ and aac（6’）/aph（2’’）were higher than 60.0%in both S.aureus and E.faecalis;the tetM gene was detected at the highest detection rate of 69.0%in E.faecalis;the optrA gene was detected in E.faecalis（2.4%）and E.faecalis（7.1%）.The number of genotypes carrying resistance in descending order were E.coli（73 species）,E.faecalis（12 species）,E.faecium（11species）,S.aureus（5 species）,and Salmonella（2 species）;E.coli genotype was mainly tetA+tetB+bla TEM+qnrS+sul Ⅱ+bla CTX-M（15.5%）;Salmonella genotype was mainly aac（6’）-Ib+oqxA+bla CTX-M+tetA+sul Ⅱ（90.0%）;S.aureus genotype was mainly aac（6’）/aph（2’’）+aph（3’）-Ⅲ+tetB+tetM+mecA+bla CTX-M+oqxA+ermB（30.8%）;E.faecalis genotype was mainly aac（6’）/aph（2’’）+aph（3’）-Ⅲ+tetM+oqxA（48.1%）;E.faecium genotype was mainly tetM（23.8%）.Conclusion:There was unit variations within the drug resistance of five bacterial species in the intestinal tract of dogs in Urumqi,but all had multidrug-resistant strains and carry different drug resistance genes.It was recommended that based on the results of drug resistance,in order to avoid the intensification of drug resistance of canine-derived bacteria and the occurrence of events that endanger public health and safety,it was very important to correctly select antibacterial drugs for the treatment of canine-derived bacterial diseases. |
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