| Watering supply after sowing is the Main Way of Direct Seeding Rice in Ningxia.However,from the perspective of production practice,there are some problems,such as large seeding amount,low seedling emergence rate,unreasonable population structure,and unsuitable varieties.At the same time,due to the late water supply time of the Yellow River,the sowing date was delayed and the growth period was shortened,which seriously affected the yield and quality of rice.Therefore,in recent years,the dry direct seeding method for soil moisture conservation has been gradually promoted.In order to clarify the effects of different dry direct seeding methods on rice growth,yield and quality,this study used Ningjing No.47 and Ningjing No.43 varieties as materials,and studied the relationships among individual,population growth and development characteristics,root development characteristics,physiological characteristics,yield and quality of direct seeding rice by three methods,namely,drill sowing with moisture conservation,hole sowing with moisture conservation and water supply after sowing,so as to provide theoretical basis for dry direct seeding rice in Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area,The research results show that:1.Under different treatments,the emergence rate and leaf area index of the two varieties were the highest under the hole seeding method.The seedling emergence rate of Ningjing 47 was 29.7%and 39.4%higher than those of the other two methods,and the leaf area index was 4.8%and 20.5%higher than those of the other two methods.The seedling emergence rate and leaf area index of Ningjing 43 were 15.5%and 19.9%higher than those of the other two methods,9.7%and 46.6%higher than those of the other two methods.The tillering and panicle forming rate of the water supply after sowing was the highest,and water supply after sowing of Ningjing 47 was 1.3%and 13.4%higher than the other two ways,and water supply after sowing of Ningjing 43 was 16.6%and 18.3%higher than the other two ways.2.Under different treatments,the root length,root surface area,root volume and root dry weight of the two cultivars under the drill sowing method at seedling stage and filling stage were higher than those under the hole sowing method and the watering supply after sowing.The root length,root surface area,root volume and root dry weight of the hole sowing mode at booting stage were higher than those under the drill sowing mode and the watering supply after sowing.In different growth stages water supply after sowing was the smallest.3.Under different treatments,the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in different growth stages of the two varieties was the highest under the drill sowing mode.In the early stages of growth,the potassium accumulation in the drill sowing mode was the highest,the potassium accumulation of hole sowing mode of Ningjing 47 and the water supply after sowing ofNingjing43 was the highest at the late growth stage.After different treatments,Ningjing 47 had the highest utilization efficiency of nitrogen and potassium in water supply after sowing and the highest utilization efficiency of phosphorus in hole sowing mode.Ningjing 43 has the highest utilization efficiency of nitrogen and potassium by hole sowing and the highest utilization efficiency of phosphorus by water supply after sowing.4.Under different treatments,the light transmittance and SPAD value of the two varieties at different growth stages were the highest under the water supply after sowing.The light transmittance of Ningjing 47 water supply after sowing was 8.8%and 11.2%higher than the other two modes,and the SPAD value of leaves was 5.9%and 7.7%higher than the other two modes in the whole growth period.The light transmittance of Ningjing 43 water supply after sowing was 10.1%and 10.6%higher than the other two methods,and the SPAD value of leaves was 3.6%and 5.3%higher than the other two methods.The CO2 concentration in canopy of Ningjing 47 the hole sowing method is the highest and that of Ningjing 43 the drill sowing is the highest.During the whole growth period,the canopy CO2 concentration of Ningjing 47 was 0.4%and 3.1%higher than the other two methods,and the canopy CO2 concentration of Ningjing 43 was 1.3%and 2.8%higher than the other two methods.During the whole growth period,the Ningjing 47 canopy CO2 concentration of the hole sowing is 0.4%and 3.1%higher than the other two methods,and the Ningjing 43 canopy CO2 concentration of drill sowing is 1.3%and 2.8%higher than the other two methods.5.Under different treatments,the yield of Ningjing 47 the hole sowing was the highest,which was 8.3%and 14.9%higher than the other two methods.The yield of Ningjing 43 the water supply after sowing was the highest,which was 0.6%and 3.0%higher than the other two methods.The panicle number of the two varieties under different treatments was the highest under the hole sowing,the spike length,spike grain number and panicle grain weight under different treatments were the highest under the water supply after sowing.The brown rice rate was the highest in the grains of the two varieties under the drill sowing method among different treatments,and the gel consistency was the highest under the water supply after sowing.The chalkiness,chalkiness rate,alkali dissipation,amylose content,amylopectin content and protein content were the lowest under the water supply after sowing. |
