Localization Of VEGF-A And VEGF-B In Different Regions Of Yak And Cattle Brain

Brain is an important constituent in the central nervous system of mammals,which plays important roles in growing and adapting to the environment in the body.Vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A)and Vascular endothelial growth factor-B(VEGF-B)have been shown to be involved in the neuroprotective effect in hypoxia-ischemia of the brain.At present,there are no reports on the expression and distribution of VEGF-A and VEGF-B in different brain tissues of yaks under alpine and hypoxic environment.In order to clarify the expression and distribution characteristics of VEGF-A in different regions of Yak’s(Bos grunniens)and cattle’s(Bos taurus)brain tissue,and explore its relationship with hypoxia adaptation.The expression and location of VEGF-A and VEGF-B in different regions of Yak and cattle brain tissues were detected by the methods of qRT-PCR,Western blot and immunohistochemical technique in this study.The main results are as follows:1)VEGF-A and VEGF-B mRNA and protein had different levels in different tissues of yak and cattle telencephalon,and the expression trends were basically the same.Among them,VEGF-A and VEGF-B mRNA and protein of hippocampus have the highest expression levels,and was significantly higher than the other tissues(P <0.05).In comparison,the expression of VEGF-A mRNA and protein content in different tissues of yak’s telencephalon were higher than that of cattle.Except that the expression of VEGF-B mRNA and protein content in frontal lobe cortex of yak was lower than that of cattle,the level of mRNA and protein in other tissues of yak were higher than that of cattle.Immunohistochemical results showed that the distribution characteristics of VEGF-A and VEGF-B in different areas of the yak and cattle telencephalon were similar.They were mainly located in the cytoplasm of neurons of telencephalon.Negative controls were not expressed.2)VEGF-A and VEGF-B mRNA and protein had different levels in different tissues of yak and cattle telencephalon,and the change trends were basically the same.Among them,the expression of VEGF-A and VEGF-B mRNA and protein content of pituitary have the highest levels,and were significantly higher than the other tissues(P < 0.05).In comparison,Except that the expression level of VEGF-A mRNA in thalamus of yak was lower than that of cattle,the expression level of mRNA were higher than that of cattle in other tissues of yak.Except that the level of VEGF-A protein content in hypothalamus of yak was lower than that of cattle,the level of protein content were higher than that of cattle in other tissues of yak.Except that the expression level of VEGF-B mRNA in thalamus of yak was lower than that of cattle,the expression level of mRNA were higher than that of cattle in other tissues of yak.Except that the level of VEGF-B protein content in medulla oblongata and pons of yak were lower than that of cattle,the level of protein content were higher than that of cattle in other tissues of yak.Immunohistochemical results showed that the distribution characteristics of VEGF-A and VEGF-B in different areas of the yak and cattle diencephalon and brainstem were similar.They were mainly located in the cytoplasm of neurons of diencephalon and brainstem.Negative controls were not expressed.3)The expression level of VEGF-A and VEGF-B mRNA and protein content had different levels in different tissues of yak and cattle cerebellum,and the change trends were basically the same.Among them,the expression level of VEGF-A and VEGF-B mRNA and protein content of cortex have the highest levels,and were significantly higher than the other tissues(P < 0.05).In comparison,the expression level of VEGF-A mRNA and protein content in different tissues of yak’s cortex were higher than that of cattle.Immunohistochemical results showed that the distribution characteristics of VEGF-A and VEGF-B in different areas of the yak and cattle cerebellum were similar.They were mainly located in the cytoplasm of neurons of cerebellum.Negative controls were not expressed.4)The change trends of VEGF-A and VEGF-B at the mRNA and protein levels in most areas of the yak’s and cattle’s telencephalon,diencephalon,brainstem and cerebellum were consistent.5)In the same species,the expression trend of mRNA and protein content level were basically consistent.However,there were also inconsistent expression trends of mRNA and protein levels in individual regions.