Effect Of Fertilizer Application On Vegetation-soil Of Artificial Grassland In Black Soil Hillside

In order to understand the effects of different fertilizers on soil and vegetation of artificial grassland on black soil hillside,and to investigate the different responses of vegetation-soil system to inorganic fertilizers and microbial fertilizers,we chose to conduct experiments on inorganic fertilizers(Urea,Diammonium phosphate,Special herbage of fertilizer)and microbial fertilizers(Bacillus subtilis fertilizer,Trichoderma harzianum fertilizer,Broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer)in artificial grassland on black soil hillside,Dari County.By analyzing the community structure,production performance,soil physicochemical properties,soil enzyme activity and microbial characteristics,as well as soil-vegetation synergism,we provide technical support to maintain sustainable production and ecological functions of the artificial grassland on black soil hillside.The main research results are as follows.(1)The addition of inorganic fertilizer,trichoderma harzianum fertilizer and broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer significantly increased the aboveground biomass of Elymus nutans,and the addition of broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer increased the aboveground biomass by up to 980 g/m~2,a significant increase of 167%.The addition of urea,bacillus subtilis fertilizer and broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer significantly increased the aboveground biomass of Poa pratensis,the addition of urea and diammonium phosphate significantly increased the aboveground biomass of Poa araratica.The highest biomass of Poa pratensis and Poa araratica was achieved with the addition of urea,which significantly increased 208%and 315%.Diammonium phosphate,special herbage of fertilizer,trichoderma harzianum fertilizer and broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer significantly increased black soil hillside artificial grassland productivity.(2)Soil organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus content were highest and soil total potassium content was lowest with the addition of broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer.The highest soil available phosphorus content was 13.05 mg/kg with the addition of urea,which significantly increased by 78.52%.Soil ammonium nitrogen and soil nitrate nitrogen contents were the lowest in the treatment of Trichoderma harzianum fertilizer,which was not significantly different from the control.Microbial fertilizer could improve soil enzyme activity,the highest activity of soil acid phosphatase,β-glucosidase andβ-aminoglucosidase was found in the addition of bacillus subtilis fertilizer,and the lowestβ-glucosidase activity was 51.98 nmol/g/h in the addition of urea treatment.the addition of both inorganic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer could improve microorganism abundance.The highest abundance of soil bacteria,fungi,protozoa,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria were found in the soil treated with Broad-spectrum microbial fertilizer.Gram-positive bacteria had the lowest abundance in the urea treatment.The soil microbial diversity of artificial grassland on black soil hillside was very rich,with bacterial abundance greater than fungal abundance.The dominant bacterial species were all of the phylum Proteobacteria,followed by Acidobacteria;the dominant fungal species were all of the phylum Ascomycetes,followed by Basidiomycota.The addition of Trichoderma harzianum fertilizer reduced the shannon index and simpson index indices of soil microorganisms.(3)The biomass of Elymus nutans was significantly and positively correlated with acid phosphatase,total microorganism abundance,bacterial abundance,fungal abundance,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi abundance and Gram-negative bacterial abundance.The Poa pratensis biomass was significantly and positively correlated with fungal abundance and fungal-bacterial ratio.Community productivity was significantly and positively correlated with acid phosphatase,total microorganism abundance,bacterial abundance,fungal abundance,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi abundance and Gram-negative bacterial abundance.Redundancy analysis showed that soilβ-glucosidase,nitrate nitrogen,total phosphorus,and microbial fungal diversity were the main factors affecting plant productivity.