| China is still the largest producer of fresh grape in the world.Since2018,the cultivation area of fresh grape in China has exceeded 95 million hm2 per year for the first time.The yield has remained the first in the aquatic world,and the grape varieties and fresh cultivation area have also been the second in the aquatic world.Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as one of the main grape producing areas in China,China ’ s " capital economic circle," but less comprehensive study of grape industry.In this paper,the nutrient status of the main grape industrial parks in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei was analyzed from the two aspects of soil nutrient analysis and grape nutrient distribution law.On this basis,the reasonable application of organic fertilizer was explored,that is,the harmless return of agricultural and forestry waste compost treatment to the field.At the same time,the problem of organic fertilizer supplement and tail vegetable treatment was solved,and the green fertilization model was constructed to make suggestions for the later nutrition management of vineyards.1.Vineyard soil fertility levels determine the quality of grape fruits.We investigated the soil nutrient status of vineyards in Beijing-TianjinHebei region to improve grape quality and provide a scientific basis for the optimal fertilizer management.The soil samples were collected from 38 typical vineyards in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.The changes of soil physicochemical properties in the main grape production areas of this region were analyzed,based on the measurement of soil p H,EC,organic matter,available P,available K,total N,total P and total K of various planting years,areas and soil depths.Except for the total potassium,the tested parameters of the soil with different planting years varied with soil depth.A trend of enrichment was observed in the content of available phosphorus and potassium.The average of total phosphorus content was still high in spite of a downward trend,while the average of organic matter content was relatively low and it was gradually declining in Tianjin.The soil of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was slightly alkaline.In order to achieve the goal of long-term green and sustainable development for vineyards in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,more attention should be paid to remediation of alkaline soil.Less phosphorus fertilizer would reduce phosphorus enrichment,and more organic fertilizer is highly recommended.2.We determined the nutrient distribution in the veraison stage of grapes growing in typical vineyards in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Organs were ranked,from high to low,according to the total nitrogen content: fruiting branch leaves,vegetative branch leaves,fruit,vegetative branch and fruiting branch.For the total phosphorus content,organs were arranged in a descending order of fruiting branch leaves,vegetative branch leaves,grape fruit,fruiting branch and vegetative branch,while for the total potassium content,fruit ranked highest,followed by fruiting branch leaves,vegetative branch leaves,vegetative branch and fruiting branch.Studies showed that for the grapes in this region,leaves and branches accounted for a relatively higher proportion of the nutrient,and less nutrients were absorbed by the plants with increasing years of continuous cropping.3.The digestion of plant pathogenic bacteria during organic fertilizer stacking was correlated with temperature and carbon content,and was correlated with seed germination index.Therefore,during composting,composting can be maintained for a longer time at high temperature by adjusting the frequency of composting and the proportion of materials.The addition of microbial agents can promote the activity of microorganisms in composting,so as to further strengthen the digestion of plant pathogenic bacteria in composting.Through research,it can be concluded that as long as the basic indicators in the composting process are well controlled and the microbial agents are reasonably added to promote composting,the products after composting can be directly applied to the nearby vineyard. |
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