Research And Design Of Orchard Monitoring System Based On LPWAN Internet Of Things

China has been a major agricultural country since ancient times.Fruits have become third largest agricultural planting industry after grain and vegetables in China.With the development of technology and economy,traditional agriculture is gradually developing in the direction of modernization,and intelligent solutions for orchards continue to emerge.The shortcomings of the existing orchard monitoring system,such as high cost,high power consumption,and short wireless data transmission distance,restrict the development of the orchard economy and the utilization of investment benefits.Aiming at the current situation of orchard production management,this paper studies and designs an orchard monitoring system based on LPWAN IoT based on sensor technology,low-power wide-area IoT technology,cloud technology,network programming technology and photovoltaic power generation technology.The system integrates two low-power wide area networks,LoRa and NB-IoT,and uses LoRa to extend the network coverage of NB-IoT terminals to achieve low power consumption and long-distance data transmission of the system.The monitoring terminal is based on the STM32single-chip microcomputer,which is responsible for reading the collected data of the air temperature and humidity,soil temperature and humidity in the orchard,and sending the data to the collection gateway through the LoRa wireless transmission technology,and at the same time receiving the control commands from the gateway and according to the control commands driving the execution device.The gateway directly interacts with the One NET cloud platform through NB-IoT technology,and uploads the data to the cloud for application server calls.In order to facilitate the realization of the required functions of the system,this article uses the One NET cloud platform as the data forwarding and push center,and uses the API interface provided by One NET cloud platform to develop web application servers.The development of the application server is based on the MVC architecture,with Tomcat as the container,combined with Struts2,Spring,and i Batis to complete the construction of the application server framework including the view layer,business logic layer,and data access layer.The system uses the relational database My SQL to store the generated data,and at the same time uses HTML,CSS,and Java Script to complete the development of the front-end page,providing a systematic data display platform.Regarding irrigation control,this paper established a fruit tree water demand prediction model based on the BP neural network,and the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the BP neural network.The weights and thresholds are used to obtain the GA-BP fruit tree water demand prediction model.In order to improve the accuracy of irrigation control,an improved BP neural network is used to optimize the parameters of the PID controller.This paper tested the communication quality,data collection accuracy and various functional modules of the system in the litchi and longan cultivation base in Nanning,Guangxi.The test results show that the system has high data acquisition accuracy and stable data transmission,which can realize real-time and accurate monitoring of the environmental parameters of the orchard.The orchard monitoring system designed in this paper has certain application prospects with the advantages of low power consumption,fast response,and long communication distance.