| The main body of new-type agricultural management in my country has gradually changed from small farmers to large agricultural households,family farms and agricultural companies,etc.,and the production mode has gradually changed to intensive production.In addition,there are many saline-alkali land areas in my country,and there is a lot of room for improvement in land power and output.Aiming at the above problems and situations,this study adopts a extremely simplified fertilization strategy to conduct field experiment,explored the effects of slow-release fertilizers and endophytic mycorrhizal fertilizers on the output of major food crops and soil quality,in order to provides a theoretical basis for promoting a reasonable fertilizer application model in the area.The experimental field is located in Zhonglugang Village,Dafeng Country,Yancheng City,Jiangsu Province.Under the premise that the total NPK nutrients are the same,five different treatments were set up,namely no fertilization(CK);Conventional fertilization(F);slow-release fertilizer application at one time as a basal fertilizer(S);One-time seed dressing application of endophytic mycorrhizal agent(E);The combination of grain seed dressing with endophytic mycorrhizal fungus and slow-release fertilizer application at one time as a basal fertilizer(SE).The research results are as follows:1.In the extremely simplified fertilization mode,SE can reduce the soil pH and promote soil desalination of rice and wheat.Compared with conventional fertilization,SE treatment respectively reduced soil pH and salinity by 2.02% and 21.73% of wheat soil and 1.93 and 9.52%of rice soil.In addition,the content of soil organic matter in the wheat season also increased significantly by 10.28% under the SE treatment,while the increase in the soil organic matter content was not obvious in the rice season.2.In the wheat season,the highest values of alkali-decomposed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium content of wheat soil all appear in the SE treatment,ti is respectively 45.78mg/kg,34.52mg/kg,69.78mg/kg,0.64g/kg,1.68g/kgandl.56g/kg,the total nitrogen content was significantly increased by 8.47% compared with F treatment;The soil nutrient content of S treatment is almost at the same level as F treatment(P>0.05);The nutrient content of soil in E treatment was significantly lower than that in F treatment.SE treatment significantly increased the content of soil nutrients,alkali-decomposed nitrogen,available potassium and total nitrogen in the tillering stage of rice,compared with conventional fertilization,the contents of alkali-decomposed nitrogen,available potassium and total nitrogen in the soil were significantly increased by 7.21%,5.45%and 15.04%,.respectively.During rice maturity,there was no significant difference in soil nutrient content between SE treatment and F treatment,The soil nutrient content of S treatment and E treatment is similar to that of wheat season.On the whole,Different fertilization modes have a greater impact on the 0-20cm and 20-40cm ploughed soil layers,but not on the 40-60cm soil layers.Simultaneously,different fertilization modes have a greater impact on the soil physical and chemical properties of rice and wheat seedlings,but less on the maturity.3.SE treatment promotes rice and wheat growth and yield formation.Compared with conventional fertilization,the biomass of wheat and rice increased significantly by 16.98%and 2.85%.In addition,compared with F treatment,the root length and the number of roots of wheat under E treatment and SE treatment increased significantly by 28.46%,35.28%and 11.77%,14.71%(P<0.05);and the number of roots of rice increased significantly by 32.21%and 34.48%(P<0.05).Whether it’s wheat or rice,different fertilization modes can significantly increase the yield of rice and wheat,The highest wheat yield under SE treatment was 6392.50±240.04 kg/hm~2,which was significantly increased by 11.91%compared with conventional fertilization,other yield components were also at the highest level among the five treatments.The rice yield was 6267.02±107.89kg/hm~2under SE treatment,which was not significantly different from the F treatment.4.The law of nutrient absorption shows that,SE treatment can effectively increase the nutrient content of various parts of wheat,especially the stem,leaf and grain.The SE treatment absorbed the most nutrients during the tillering stage,and it shows a decreasing trend with the growth of rice.compared with F treatment,there was no significant difference between the nutrient content of each part during the rice maturity period.For a large number of elements P and K,The volume of SE treatment in wheat season was 189.25kg/hm~2and 15.72kg/hm~2,and it was significantly increased by 45.29%and 22.54%compared with F treatment(P<0.05).During the rice season,the P volume of SE treatment was 20.82kg/hm~2,which was significantly increased by 41.51%(P<0.05). |
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