| The C57BL/6J mice is the most widely used inbred line,and it is also the first mice sequenced by all genes.Thus it is usually used as a background line.However,C57BL/6J mice have many defects,such as cataracts,small eyes,low bone density,insulin resistance,hyperlipidemia,depilation,atherosclerosis,obesity and delayed hearing loss and so on.Knockout mice have constructed hundreds of disease models for human beings to study the mechanism of disease occurrence and its prevention and control methods.C57BL/6J knockout mice are often used in the study of cardiovascular disease,diabetes and obesity,but they also have some defects,such as low immunity,poor anti-stress ability,weak antioxidant capacity,low reproduction rate,low weaning rate,pimple and so on.In order to alleviate some problems of C57BL/6J mice and gene knockout mice with C57BL/6J as background,reduce the error of mouse test,improve the stability and accuracy of test data,C57BL/6J functional mice food was designed in this study,which can be used to alleviate the defects of C57BL/6J mice,improve their antioxidant state,immunity,blood lipid,breeding level and so on.Experiment 1 Prepamiceion and detection of C57BL/6J(knockout)functional mice foodIn this experiment,two kinds of functional mice food,functional mice food 1 and functional mice food 2,were designed and prepared.Different proportions of taurine,fish oil,multivitamins,complex trace elements and other active substances were added to the two kinds of mice food.After detection,the crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,ash,calcium and total phosphorus of functional mice food 1 were 20.36%,5.74%,4.07%,7.40%,1.50%and 0.90%respectively.The crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,ash,calcium and total phosphorus of functional mice food 2 were 25.70%,5.63%,3.51%,7.50%,1.49%and 0.87%,respectively.All the index of crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,crude ash,calcium and total phosphorus in the two groups of functional mice food meet the NIH41 nutrition standard of the United States.Experiment 2:Effects of functional mice food on the antioxidant capacity of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male miceThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of functional mice food on the antioxidant capacity of mice.60 C57BL/6J ApoE-/-(apolipoprotein E gene knockout)male mice were randomly divided into three groups A,B,and C,with 20 mice in each group;60 C57BL/6J mice(half males and half females)were randomly divided into three groups:D,E,and F,with 10 males and 10 females in each group.Besides,group A and group D were designed as the control groups fed with normal mice food;group B and group E were fed with functional mice foodt 1;group C and group F were fed with functional mice food 2.The strength of antioxidant capacity of mice can be determined by measuring the level of SOD(superoxide dismutase)in the serum of mice and measuring the changes of liver index and kidney index in mice.The results showed that compared with the control group,the mice food 1 and 2 are significantly elevated levels of SOD in mice(P<0.01),indicating that the functional mice food can increase the antioxidant ability of mice,and the effect of mice food 2 was better than that of mice food 1(P<0.01).In terms of viscera index,compared with the control group,the liver index and kidney index of C57BL/6J mice could be significantly increased by mice food 1(P<0.01),while only ApoE-/-male mice could improve the kidney index(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the liver index and kidney index of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male mice could be significantly increased in mice food 2(P<0.01).Compared with mice food 1,can significantly improve liver index and kidney index of C57BL/6J male mice and kidney index of C57BL/6J female mice(P<0.01).The results showed that in two functional mice food,mice food 2 could significantly improve the antioxidant capacity,liver index and kidney index of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male mice.Experiment 3 Effects of functional mice diets on immunity of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male miceThe purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of functional mice food on the immunity of mice.60 C57BL/6J ApoE-/-(apolipoprotein E gene knockout)male mice were randomly divided into three groups A,B,and C,with 20 mice in each group;60 C57BL/6J mice(half males and half females)were randomly divided into three groups;D,E,and F,with 10 males and 10 females in each group.Besides,group A and group D were designed as the control groups fed with normal mice food;group B and group E were fed with functional mice foodt 1;group C and group F were fed with functional mice food 2.The strength of immune ability of mice can be determined by detect TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-α),IL-1β(interleukin-1β)in mouse serum by ELISA method and measuring the changes of thymus index and spleen index in mice.The results showed that the serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentration,thymus index and spleen index of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male mice were significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with mice food 1,mice food 2 significantly increased the TNF-α concentration and thymus index of C57BL/6J female mice(P<0.01).The results showed that the two functional mice food could improve the immunity of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male mice,and the effect of mice food 2 was better than mice food 1.Experiment 4 Effect of functional mice food on blood lipid level of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male miceThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of functional mice food on blood lipid level in mice.60 C57BL/6J ApoE-/-(apolipoprotein E gene knockout)male mice were randomly divided into three groups A,B,and C,with 20 mice in each group;60 C57BL/6J mice(half males and half females)were randomly divided into three groups:D,E,and F,with 10 males and 10 females in each group.Besides,group A and group D were designed as the control groups fed with normal mice food;group B and group E were fed with functional mice food 1;group C and group F were fed with functional mice food 2.The levels of TG(triglyceride)and TC(total cholesterol)in the serum of mice were measured to detect the level of blood lipids in mice.The results showed that compared with the control group,the TG and TC levels of C57BL/6J mice in mice food 1 and 2 have no effect,but could significantly reduce the serum TG and TC levels of ApoE-/-male mice(P<0.01).The results showed that the two functional mice food could significantly reduce the lipid level of ApoE-/-male mice(P<0.01).Experiment 5 Effects of functional mice food on the growth and reproduction of C57BL/6J mice and ApoE-/-male miceIn this experiment,the effect of functional mice food on the growth and breeding of mice was evaluated.60 C57BL/6J ApoE-/-apolipoprotein E gene knockout)male mice were randomly divided into three groups A,B,and C,with 20 mice in each group;1206-week-old C57BL/6J mice(half male and half female)were randomly divided into six groups of D.E,F.L,M,and N,with 10 males and females in each group and 5 males and females in each cage.The six groups A,B,C,D,E,and F are growth performance tests,and the body weight and hair loss of the mice are recorded;the three groups L,M,and N are breeding tests.Groups A,D,and L were fed with normal rat food,groups B,E,and M were fed with functional rat food 1,and groups C,F,and N were fed with functional rat food 2.After two weeks of feeding in groups L,M,and N,male and female mice were caged 1:1.When the mice became pregnant,the female mice were fed in a single cage,and the weight,litter size,and weaning numbers of the mice were recorded.The results showed that compared with the control group,there was no difference in the effect of mice food group 1 and 2 on body weight growth;mice food group 1 and 2 could significantly improve the rate of weaning and reduce the condition of depilation.The results showed that the two kinds of functional mice food could increase the rate of weaning,reduce the depilation and maintain the normal weight of C57BL/6J mice. |
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