| Goose is an important economic species The amount of goose raised,slaughter and the output of eggs:meat:velvet and other products has always been in the forefront of the world,but the market gap is still large.The seasonal breeding characteristic seriously impeded the development of the goose industry.To study the reproductive mechanism of egg laying and to screen and analyze the pathways and candidate genes affecting the seasonal reproductive characteristics has important theoretical and practical significance for implementing off-season production and improving the reproductive efficiency of geese.In this experiment,three hundred seven-month-old Zi geese from the Anda Lion White Goose Breeding Farm in Heilongjiang Province were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups,the experimental group and the control group,each with 150 geese including 30 male geese and 120 female geese,with a male-female ratio of 1:4.The control group received natural light throughout the experim ental period,and the experim ental group used short light regime to control the daily light time,postpone the sexual maturity and the age at first egg:the expermental group were driven out of the goose house at 8:00 and returned to the goose house at 16:00 to shading from December 25,2020.The light regime was 8 L:16 D.The shading treatment continued until the egg production rate of the control group of geese reached 5%.When the egg production rate of the control group reaches 5%,3 healthy geese from each of the twwo groups were selected and slaughtered,the samples from the hypothalamus:pituitary and ovarian tissues of each group were taken.A total of 18 samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at-80℃ for subsequent whole-transcriptome sequencing analysis The processed Zi goose hypothalamus,pituitary and ovarian tissues were analyzed by whole transcriptome sequencing.The off-machine data of all samples are greater than 10 G.Use real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction to test the accuracy of transcriptome analysis results,perform GO biological process annotation and KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes,use R language to perform differential analysis of gene expression,screen and analyze the significant enrichment and the pathways closely related to poultry reproductive activities,analyze the functions of differentially expressed gen es enriched in pathways.A total of 3222 differentially expressed genes were identified between the control group and the experimental group,170 differentially expressed genes were identified in the hypothalamus,97 were identified in the pituitary and 2955 were identified in the ovary.In the hypothalamus,75 differentially expressed genes were down-regulated and 95 were up-regulated;in the pituitary,49 were down-regulated and 48 up-regulated;in the ovary,1743 were down-regulated and 1212 were up-regulated.The signal pathways that regulate the production of Zi goose includes Neuroactive Ligand Receptor Interaction.Signaling Pathway,ECM-receptor Interaction Pathway,Wnt Signaling Pathway and Calcium Signaling Pathway.Candidate genes involved in the regulation of Zi geese initiation include Adrenergic Receptor Gene,Neuropeptide Y Receptor Gene,PRL Gene,Wingless Type MMTV Integration Site Family Member 2 Gene and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Calmodulin Gene.The above pathways and genes are widely involved in regulating the sexual maturation and reproductive rhythm of animals:regulating the secretion of hormones and the development of follicles in poultry and finally reflected in the laying behavior of poultry. |
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