Diagnosis And Prevention Measures Of A Dog Distemper In A Kennel

Canine distemper（CD）is an acute and highly infectious infectious disease caused by canine distemper virus（CDV）.The host range of CDV has expanded from canine animals to mustelids,cats and non-human primates.The main feature of CDV is to cause elevated body temperature and diseases of the digestive tract and respiratory tract.This study mainly focused on an outbreak of canine distemper virus in Yipet kennel,which was confirmed as canine distemper virus through various diagnostic methods.The sick dogs were isolated and treated,and the kennel took emergency measures to finally control the epidemic of canine distemper virus.On June 19,2019,a suspected case of canine plague suddenly appeared in the kennel.The clinical symptoms were:body temperature of 39.6℃,vomiting,pus,nasal discharge,and tear marks.A total of 162 dogs,breed dogs and puppies were investigated by epidemiology.12 positive cases of canine distemper were detected and blood tests were performed.The result was diagnosed as suspected canine distemper.One dead positive case was sent to the Shanghai Institute of Veterinary Medicine,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences for autopsy.The pathological changes of internal organs were observed.The lung lesions were severe.The lung tissue fluid was tested positive for canine plague with colloidal gold,and the dog was detected by RT-PCR method.For distemper virus,use lung tissue fluid for virus isolation and culture.The result of virus TCID₅₀determination is TCID₅₀=10^-6.33/ml.After the virus was crudely purified,it was processed and observed under a transmission electron microscope,and it was found that virus particles with an envelope and an oval fibril were found.The CDV isolated from the experiment was named CDV-YC,and it was confirmed that this kennel was an outbreak of canine distemper.The entire kennel immediately took emergency measures to isolate and treat 12 positive dogs.In the end,7 died and 5 survived.The main death was the puppies.Analyzing the source of the virus infection,it was determined that it came from a newly introduced8-month-old Labrador dog.The negative dogs were tested for canine distemper antibody levels,and only 31 dogs with low antibody levels were detected.Emergency immunization was given to these dogs.Dogs that showed clinical symptoms during the emergency immunization period should be taken to prevent secondary infections.Adjuvant treatment plan for symptomatic treatment.At the same time,complete disinfection of the kennel,strictly control the entry and exit of the kennel staff and dogs,and strengthen the feeding and management standards.After a month,the epidemic of canine distemper virus was controlled.In summary,the timeliness and accuracy of diagnosis are particularly important for sudden canine distemper epidemics in the kennel.Isolation treatment,emergency immunization,comprehensive disinfection,and strengthening of feeding management are feasible emergency treatment measures.