Investigation On The Effect And Mechanism Of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus On Blood Lipid Levels In Hyperlipidemia Rats

Objective: To study the effect of food-medicine Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus through dietary intervention on blood lipid level in hyperlipidemia rats.The effects on the viscera index,lipid metabolism related enzymes and genes in rats were evaluated,and the mechanism of reducing blood fat was discussed.Methods: SPF SD male rats were purchased from Beijing Vitalstar Biotechnology Co.Ltd..Ten general rats were selected as the control group,forty hyperlipidemia rats were randomly assigned into the model group and the low,medium and high dose(0.83,1.67,2.50 g/kg)of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus groups.The control group were fed by normal diet,the model group were fed by hyperlipid diet and the hyperlipidemia rats were fed by mixed hyperlipid diet containing 10% of the Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus powder and hyperlipid diet.After forty-five days of treatment,all rats fasted for 12 h and then blood were collected from the heart.The concentrations of serum TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C were detected respectively.The livers,kidneys,spleens and hearts were weighted and the viscera index were calculated.Liver was taken for biopsy.The activity of serum HL,LCAT,HMGCR,LPL were detected by Elisa and the m RNA expression of liver LDLR,LXRα,ABCA1,PPARγ and SR-BI were detected by RT-q PCR.Results:1.Comparing with control group,(1)the concentrations of serum TC and LDL-C in model group had increased and and that of HDL-C had decreased.(2)the liver index increased(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in spleen,kidney and heart index.(3)HE staining of liver showed obvious fatty degeneration.(4)the activity of serum HL and LCAT had decreased and the activity of HMGCR and LPL had increased,but no significant difference was found.(5)the expression of LDLR,LXRα,PPARγ and SR-BI m RNA had decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01)and the expression of ABCA1 m RNA also had decreased but there was no significant difference.2.Comparing with model group,(1)the concentrations of serum TC and LDL-C in dose groups had decreased and that of HDL-C increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).(2)the viscera index of liver and spleen had decreased in high and medium dose groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but those of other groups had not been significantly different.(3)HE staining of liver tissue in dose groups showed the reduction of fatty degeneration.(4)the activity of LPL in each dose group had increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),in addition to decrease of LCAT activity in the middle dose group,the activity of HL and LCAT in the other dose groups increased and then the activity of HMGCR in each dose group had decrease,but there were no significant difference.(5)the expression of LDLR,LXRα,ABCA1,PPARγ and SR-BI m RNA had increased in a dose-dependent manner in high dose group(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the expression of LDLR,LXRα and ABCA1 m RNA had increased in a dose-dependent manner in medium dose group(P<0.01),and the m RNA expression of PPARγ and SR-BI had increased,but there were no significant difference;the expression of LDLR,LXRα,ABCA1,PPARγ and SR-BI m RNA had increased in low dose group,but there was no significant difference.Conclusion:Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus reduce content of serum TC,LDL and slightly increase content of serum HDL in hyperlipidemia rats.It also lower liver index and improve hepatic steatosis.Above actions of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus may be related with the up-regulated m RNA expression of lipid metabolism related genes LDLR,LXRα,ABCA1,PPARγ and SR-BI.