Research On The Impact Of Urban And Rural Residents’ Medical Insurance(NCMS)on Labor Supply

In the past few decades,reform and opening up has promoted the rapid development of China’s economy.At the same time,the demographic dividend brought by sufficient labor supply has also provided a major source of economic growth.Cai and Wang(2005)showed that the economic growth rate of China’s total population dependency ratio increased by 0.115 percentage points.From 1982 to 2000,the decline in the total dependency ratio of the population increased the per capita GDP growth rate by 2.3 percentage points.That is,about a quarter of the contribution to GDP growth in the same period,about a quarter of the population dependency ratio.However,in recent years,China’s demographic structure has changed,low birth rate and low mortality have coexisted,the aging process has accelerated,the labor participation rate has been decreasing,and the demographic dividend has gradually disappeared.In 2017,the working-age population of China aged 16 to 59 was 897.29 million,a decrease of 4.7 million from 2016.The labor participation rate of the population aged 15 and over dropped from 79.1% in 1990 to 68.7% in 2018.At the same time,after China’s population dependency ratio fell to a minimum of 34.2% in 2010,it showed an upward trend from 2011 to 2017,and the total population dependency ratio reached 39.2% in 2017.In addition,the results of three national health service surveys in China showed that the overall health status of rural residents in China,which was characterized by the two-week prevalence rate of rural residents,the severity of two-week illness,and the prevalence of chronic diseases,also showed a downward trend.In this context,the rich labor resources,namely the demographic dividend,brought about by the high savings rate and low dependency ratio will cease to exist.How to deal with the labor market under the challenge of aging will have important strategic significance for economic growth.Since 2003,the Chinese government has implemented the new rural cooperative medical care system referred to as the "new rural cooperative medical system".Since the implementation,the development of the new rural cooperative medical system has been very rapid,and the number and proportion of participants have increased significantly.The level of medical compensation and the number of beneficiaries of compensation have also been increasing.This has promoted the use of medical resources services by participating farmers to a certain extent.As a result,the health level of farmers has been greatly improved,and the basic objectives of the new rural cooperative medical policy have been initially achieved.The implementation of the basic medical insurance system is aimed at safeguarding people’s health and improving the quality of human resources for a newly industrialized country like China.This is the internal driving force for maintaining the long-term growth and employment level of China’s economy.It should be said that the medical insurance system is not only a social system but also an economic system.However,with the arrival of the Lewis turning point in the dual economic structure,China’s population welfare is still disappearing,rural labor is beginning to face structural shortages,and the rural labor aging trend is further aggravated.Then,as a social medical security system,Can the new rural cooperatives significantly improve the labor supply of rural residents? Is there any difference in the impact of NRCMS on labor supply in terms of age and gender? These problems are not only related to the improvement and development of the new rural cooperative system,but also involve the construction of the rural labor market and the long-term agricultural economic development.Therefore,in-depth research is needed.Based on the theory of health demand,labor supply theory,welfare economics theory and poverty theory,this study uses the Chinese health and pension tracking(charls)to conduct an empirical analysis:(1)using the double difference method model to estimate new The effect of rural cooperatives on agricultural labor time,non-agricultural labor participation,labor withdrawal,and the inability to master the disease;(2),and further analysis of whether the impact of the new rural cooperative medical system on the results of labor supply is due to gender,age,and health status.And income and differences...