| Objective: To study the incidence of anxiety and depression in patients with essential hypertension in this area and its related influencing factors.Subjects and methods: The subjects of this study were 392 patients with essential hypertension who were admitted to the outpatient department and inpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of South China University in Hengyang,Hunan Province from April 2020 to December 2020.All patients were evaluated for anxiety and depression using Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7(GAD-7)and Person Healthy Questionny-9(PHQ-9).Demographical and sociological data,clinical data and laboratory tests were collected.According to the score of GAD-7anxiety scale,the patients with hypertension were divided into two groups: hypertension without anxiety disorder group and hypertension combined with anxiety disorder group;According to the scores of the PHQ-9 depression scale,the patients with hypertension were divided into two groups: hypertension without depressive disorder group and hypertension with depressive disorder group.The influencing factors of anxiety and depression in patients with hypertension were analyzed by univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression.Result: 1.There were 109 patients with anxiety disorder in 392 cases of essential hypertension in this area,including 44 males and 65 females.The incidence rate of anxiety disorder was 27.81%(109/392),among which 88.07%(96/109)had mild anxiety,8.26%(9/109)had moderate anxiety,and 3.67%(4/109)had moderate-severe anxiety.There were 107 patients with depression disorder,including 43 males and 64 females.The incidence of depression disorder was 27.30%(107/392),among which84.11%(90/107)were depressed,14.95%(16/107)were obviously depressed,and 0.94%(1/107)were severely depressed.There were 67 patients with anxiety and depression comorbidities,including 27 males and 40 females.The incidence of anxiety combined with depression was17.09%(67/392).The incidence of anxiety disorder in patients with essential hypertension in this area is slightly higher than that of depression.2.The gender,occupation,education level and monthly income level were statistically significant(P < 0.05),among which females,low education level,monthly income ≤3700RMB were more likely to suffer from anxiety.The gender,monthly income level and insulin resistance index were statistically significant(P < 0.05),among which female monthly income level ≤3700RMB and insulin resistance were more likely to develop depression.3.Binary stepwise Logistic regression analysis results showed that the profession and level of education was significantly associated with primary hypertension with anxiety disorders,mainly manual work people(teachers,civil servants and staff,etc.)than mental workers(farming,working,etc.)the incidence of anxiety was 2.209 times(P = 0.032,OR =2.209),level of education for illiterate baseline for each level of anxiety increased 0.743 times lower risk(P = 0.019,OR = 0.743),High education level was a protective factor of hypertension and anxiety,while manual work was a risk factor of hypertension and anxiety.Monthly income level was significantly correlated with essential hypertension complicated with depressive disorder.The risk of depression in patients with monthly income > 3700 RMB was 0.382 times that of patients with monthly income ≤3700 RMB(P=0.001,OR=0.382).High monthly income was a protective factor related to hypertension complicated with depression.The regression analysis of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)showed marginal significance,suggesting that it may be a risk factor of essential hypertension complicated with depression(P=0.059,OR=1.052).Conclusion:Manual work and high education level were the influencing factors of essential hypertension with anxiety,while high monthly income and insulin resistance were the influencing factors of essential hypertension with depression. |
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