| Objective: Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate(NSCL/P)is the most common congenital malformation.The birth rate is 1‰-2‰,and the incidence rate in China is as high as 1.82‰,ranking it among birth defects in my country The first or second place.A large number of studies have shown that its pathogenesis is the result of heredity,environment and the interaction between the two.This study is aimed at congenital non-syndromic cleft lip and palate(NSCL/P),using northern Anhui as the source of cases to analyze the incidence of children with NSCL/P in the past 10 years,the incidence in the past 5 years,and the prevalent pathological factors of the parents of the children,explore the related environmental risk factors of the occurrence of NSCL/P in this area and analyze the risk degree of each factor,so as to provide a basis for improving the health care level of women of childbearing age,preventing and reducing the occurrence of cleft lip and palate.Methods: Taking the NSCL/P children who were admitted to the Department of Plastic Surgery and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from 2010.01-2021.01 as the sample source.861 patients with cleft lip and palate with complete clinical data were selected for preliminary statistics on the incidence characteristics of NSCL/P in northern Anhui.Combining the research on the characteristics of cleft lip and palate by experts from our hospital and global case reports on NSCL/P in recent years,the epidemiological questionnaire was developed in conjunction with the Epidemiology Department of Bengbu Medical College.Taking NSCL/P children who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from 2016.01-2021.01 as the sample source of the second stage patient group.Collect relevant information of the children and their parents as the data source of the patient group;The children with non-congenital malformations who visited the same period were used as the sample source,and the relevant information of the children and their parents was collected as the data source of the health group.Using 1:2 paired case-control research method,single factor and multi-factor conditional logistic regression analysis was used to screen out environmental factors related to the susceptibility of this disease.Results:The first stage: a total of 861 patients were followed up and collected,among which the gender ratio was: male: female=1.67:1;cleft lip and palate composition ratio: cleft lip: cleft palate: cleft lip with cleft palate = 1:0.65:1.87;Among the birth months,July is the least,and October is the most;divided by season: summer is the least,winter is the most;among the 7 cities in northern Anhui,Chuzhou has the least cases and Fuyang the most.The second stage : A total of 671 questionnaires were collected,including 247 patients in the patient group and 424 in the healthy group.In the data entry stage,the information was removed for a total of 71 questionnaires,and200 in the patient group and 400 in the healthy group were retained;Combining this professional knowledge,the children group,the maternal group,and the spouse group respectively summarized 7 categories,19 categories,and 13 impact categories,processed the data,and sorted out a total of 110 influencing factors,including the dumbness of classification and ordinal variables.New variables formed by variability.Among them,children group variables(X1-X12),maternal group variables(X13-X73),spouse group variables(X74-X110).The study found that(1)Children group: X2(born in spring)and X6(gestational age ≤32 weeks)are risk factors for the occurrence of cleft lip and palate,and X3(born in summer)and X8(gestational age of3841 weeks)are protective factors for the occurrence of cleft lip and palate Factors;(2)Maternal group: X21(increased education level),X25(administrative institutions)and X63(folic acid supplement)are protective factors for the occurrence of cleft lip and palate.(Dietary regularity during pregnancy)decline,X49,X53,X65 are the same as X39(history of miscarriage),X43(drinking during pregnancy),and X45(smoking during pregnancy)are risk factors for the occurrence of cleft lip and palate;(3)Spouse group: X80(birth age 38),X97(drinking),X98(smoking),X107(favoring oil)are risk factors for cleft lip and palate,X82(education level),X103(bean/dairy products),X109(Health supplement)is a protective factor for cleft lip and palate.Conclusion:In order to prevent non-comprehensive cleft lip and palate,pregnant women try to avoid exposure to various possible risk factors,avoid active and passive inhalation of second-hand smoke,ration folic acid during pregnancy,maintain good dietary regularity,and maintain a fixed sleep cycle during pregnancy and pregnancy. |
