Study On Related Factors And Intervention Of Fall Injury Among Rural Primary School Students In Shantou City

Objectives Based on the investigation and analysis of the current situation and related factors of rural primary school students’ falls,the short-term intervention study was carried out by using KAP theory to evaluate the effect of short-term intervention measures so as to prepare for medium-term and long-term intervention,provide basis and reference for the formulation of rural primary school students’ falls prevention strategies and measures,and reduce the occurrence of rural primary school students’ falls.Methods1.Cross sectional study: stratified cluster sampling method was used to select students in grades1-6 from two rural primary schools in Shantou City as the survey objects.Investigating the basic information of students and the status and characteristics of unintentional injuries over the past year.2.Case control study: the cross-sectional findings of primary school students who fell down and were injured as a case group.According to the same gender,the same grade,the same age(±2years old),1:1 matching method was used to match the studnts who did not fall in the past year as the control group.The basic information,characteristics of falls and quality of life scale for children and adolescents(QLSCA)were investigated.3.Short-term intervention study: stratified cluster sampling method was used to select two rural primary schools in Shantou City for a 6-month intervention study.Students from two schools were divided into intervention group and control group.The students and parents in the intervention group was given education intervention based on KAP theory for half a year,while the control group was given ordinary intervention.Intervention and follow-up were conducted lasts half a year to investigate the incidence of falls among primary school students and parents’ knowledge,attitude and practice,and to evaluate the effect of short-term intervention effects.Results1.Cross sectional study: The incidence of unintentional injuries in rural primary school students in Shantou City in the past year was 36.45%,and the incidence of person time was 52.23%.The main types of unintentional injuries were falls(31.02%),sports injuries(22.19%)and injuries caused by animals(13.10%).The results of multivariate analysis showed that senior grade(OR=2.388,95% CI: 1.703-3.348),only child(OR= 2.325,95% CI: 1.260-4.293),left behind children(OR= 2.869,95% CI: 1.379-5.970),ordinary relationship with family(OR= 3.147,95% CI:1.357-7.301),ordinary or poor relationship with teachers(OR= 2.530,95% CI: 1.372-4.666;OR= 10.474,95% CI: 1.357-7.301)243-88.23)and more than 2 hours of electronic games per day(OR= 2.301,95% CI: 1.421-3.726)were risk factors of unintentional injury in rural primary school students.2.Case control study: The incidence of fall injury in rural primary school students in the past year was 14.53%,and the incidence of person time was 16.20%.The results of multivariate conditional logistic analysis showed that left behind children(OR=3.682,95%CI:1.160-11.686),ordinary / poor relationship with classmates(OR=2.939,95%CI:1.162-7.434),ordinary / poor relationship with teachers(OR=3.462,95%CI : 1.356-8.835),more than 1 hours of electronic games per day(OR=2.559,95%CI:1.269-5.162),and grade of life quality below medium(OR=2.802,95%CI:1.201-6.537)were risk factors of fall injury in rural primary school students.3.Short-term intervention study: Before the intervention,the incidence of falls in the intervention group was 21.22%,higher than 19.73% in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05);after the intervention,the incidence of injuries caused by falling down in the intervention group was 15.92%,lower than 18.83% in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05).Before the intervention,the average cognitive score of intervention group was(4.92 ± 1.51)points,which was higher than control group(4.90 ± 1.34)points.After the intervention,the average cognitive score of the intervention group was(6.04 ± 1.07)points,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(4.89 ± 1.33)points,the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).Before the intervention,the average score of attitude in the intervention group was(20.44 ± 3.90),which was lower than(21.01 ± 3.67)in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05);after the intervention,the average score of attitude in the intervention group was(25.32 ± 4.17),which was significantly higher than(21.58 ± 4.10)control group,the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).Before the intervention,the average score of the intervention group was(35.54 ± 10.68),which was lower than that of the control group(35.83 ± 11.17),but the difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05);after the intervention,the average score of the intervention group was(43.70 ± 10.99),which was significantly higher than control group(34.59 ± 11.15),the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe incidence of injuries caused by falling down among rural primary school students in Shantou City is higher.Left behind children,ordinary / poor relationship with classmates,ordinary / poor relationship with teachers,more than 1 hours of electronic game time per day,life quality grade below medium are risk factors of rural primary school students’ falling injury.Education intervention can improve the KAP of parents of rural primary school students and prevent the incidence of falls.