The Experimental Study On The Pathogenesis Of Knee Osteoarthritis Mediated By JAK2-STAT3 Signal Transduction Pathway

Objective To detect and compare the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 in articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis patients and knee trauma patients,so as to verify the expression of effector proteins in JAK2-STAT3 signal transduction pathway in articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis,and explore whether JAK2-STAT3 signal transduction pathway is related to the occurrence and development of knee osteoarthritis.Methods From January 2018 to January 2021,30 patients with knee osteoarthritis underwent total knee arthroplasty in our hospital were selected as the observation group;In the same period,30 patients with knee joint trauma who needed surgical treatment were selected as the control group.The morphology of cartilage and the expression of proteoglycan in cartilage matrix were observed by HE staining and modified safranin O-solid green staining.The morphological changes of cartilage in the two groups were observed by electron microscope;Immunohistochemistry(IHC)and immunofluorescence were used to detect the different expression of JAK2 and STAT3 in the two groups.The data were analyzed and calculated by spss22.0 statistical software.Results(1)Gross morphological observation:in the observation group,the articular cartilage surface in the weight-bearing area was severely worn,and there was obvious sclerotic articular surface formed by subchondral bone.In addition,there were osteophytes with different shapes distributed around the joint,and the surrounding synovial tissue was widely proliferated and obviously congested;In contrast to the control group,the articular cartilage surface of the control group was intact and smooth,and there was no obvious edema in the surrounding synovium.(2)HE staining results:compared with the control group,the stained chondrocytes and cartilage matrix in the observation group were significantly reduced,showing light staining or loss of staining,and the cartilage tidal line disappeared;In the control group,there were more stained chondrocytes and deep stained cell matrix,and there were light blue wavy stripes.The tidal line was between the radiation layer and the calcified cartilage layer.(3)Safranin O staining results:the observation group staining was inconsistent,cartilage matrix light staining or no staining;In the control group,the staining of cartilage matrix was uniform and the staining depth was consistent,and the distribution of chondrocytes was uniform.(4)Electron microscope observation results:in the observation group,a large number of cracks of different sizes were found on the surface of articular cartilage,the normal structure of cartilage disappeared,normal chondrocytes were rare,and collagen fibers were discontinuous;In the control group,there were no cracks on the cartilage surface,a large number of chondrocytes and continuous distribution of collagen fibers,covered with more glycoprotein.(5)IHC: the expression of JAK2 and STAT3 positive cells from light brown to dark brown could be observed in the two groups.In observation group:JAK2(1.21±0.36),STAT3(1.08±0.39),in control group:JAK2(0.14±0.07),STAT3(0.09±0.61).Through SPSS22.0analyzed the date find has significantin two groups(P<0.05).(6)Immunofluorescence results:Through the measurement of the average fluorescence intensity of the results by Image J,JAK2 and STAT3 stronger than that in the control group;In observation group:JAK2(8.19±0.54),STAT3(3.50±0.38),in control group:JAK2(5.24±0.78),STAT3(2.34±0.33).Through SPSS22.0 analyzed the date find has significantin two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of JAK2 and STAT3 in cartilage of patients with knee osteoarthritis was significantly higher than that of patients without knee osteoarthritis,and the expression intensity of JAK2 and STAT3 may be related to KOA,which suggested that JAK2-STAT3 signal transduction pathway may play a role in the occurrence and development of knee osteoarthritis.