| Research BackgroundAmong the female reproductive system tumors,ovarian cancer is a more common malignancy.In addition to cervical cancer and endometrial cancer,the incidence rate ranks third in gynecologic malignancy.Ovarian epithelial tumors are the most common type,accounting for about 85%-90%of malignant ovarian tumors.Since ovarian disease is more occult,and lack of effective screening and early diagnosis methods,70%-80%of patients have been advanced at the time of treatment[1],the treatment efficacy and prognosis are very poor,and the 5-year survival rate is less than 25%[2].In clinical diagnosis and treatment,postoperative patients often need to receive long-term chemotherapy,and their poor compliance often leads to a high recurrence rate.With the advancement of science and technology,and many scholars in-depth study of ovarian cancer,making new detection indicators and drugs gradually applied in clinical,the patient’s prognosis has been continuously improved,but the overall status of patients with ovarian cancer is still not optimistic,and the overall survival rate has not been significantly improved.Since then,it is necessary to further study the occurrence and development of ovarian malignant tumors and their mechanisms,and explore more effective methods of diagnosis and treatment in order to improve the overall survival of patients with ovarian cancer.In recent years,with the development of related disciplines such as pathology,molecular biology,and genomics,the medical community has focused its research into the direction of gene-targeted diagnosis and treatment.At present,more studies have shown that multiple genes are involved in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer,and their formation is also associated with genetic mutations.Therefore,the search for gene therapy targets for ovarian cancer based on the molecular level has become a hot topic in the field.IFRD1（interferon-related developmental regulatory factor 1）is expressed in a variety of cells,and is particularly expressed in tissue proliferation or regeneration,and has the effect of promoting tissue proliferation.Nuclear factor NF-κB（NF-κB）is a transcription factor protein family that participates in various information transmission processes and plays a very important role in defense responses,tissue damage,and stress processes.Studies have shown that in the cervical tissue,IFRD1 is involved in viral infection-mediated EGFR/IFRD1/NF-κB signaling pathway and tumor immune escape mechanism[3].In this study,the expressions of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 genes in different ovarian tissues were detected by immunohistochemical（IHC）technology and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（Qrt-PCR）techniques,and their association with the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer were analyzed,the relationship with the clinicopat-hological features of epithelial ovarian cancer and the correlation between them are explored to provide new biological markers and gene therapy targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer.ObjectiveThis study mainly examined the expression of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 genes in different ovarian tissues,and its expression in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues with different pathological parameters to explore its relationship with clinical pathological indications of epithelial ovarian cancer and the correlation between the two to further explore the new ovarian cancer diagnosis and gene therapy targets.Methods60 different ovarian tissue specimens were collected,including 8 normal ovarian tissues（normal group）,12 benign epithelial ovarian tumor tissues（benign group）,and 40epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）tissues（malignant group）.Immunohistochemistry（IHC）technique was used to detect the expression of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 protein in paraffin sections of different ovarian tissues.The relationship between the expression levels of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 and different ovarian tissues was analyzed,and the two were further analyzed with epithelial ovary.The relationship between different pathological indications of cancer（EOC）and their expression.In addition,the expression of IFRD1 m RNA in different ovarian tissues was detected by real-time quantitative PCR（Qrt-PCR）technique,and the relationship between IFRD1 gene and epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）was further explored.Results1.Immunohistochemistry（IHC）results showed that the positive rates of IFRD1protein in normal,benign,and malignant groups were 12.5%,25%,and 75%,respectively,showing a trend of gradual increase.Compared with the normal group（P=0.494）,the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）;the malignant group was compared with the normal group（P=0.001）,the malignant group was compared with the benign group（P=0.002）,and the differences were statistically significant significance（P<0.05）;IFRD1 protein was diffusely expressed in the foci of epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）tissues,and its expression was correlated with histological grade,pathological stage,and lymphatic metastasis（P<0.05）.The difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.There was no significant difference（P>0.05）between age,histological type,and ascites.The positive rate of NFκB/p65 protein in the normal,benign,and malignant groups was 0%,16.7%,and 67.5%,respectively,showing a trend of gradual increase.Comparison between groups showed that the benign group was compared with the normal group（P=0.402）,the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）;the malignant group was compared with the normal group（P=0.000）,the malignant group was compared with the benign group（P=0.000）,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）;NFκB/P65protein was diffusely expressed in the foci of epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）tissues.The expression of p65 protein was related to histological grade and pathological stage（P<0.05）.The difference was statistically significant;it was related to the age and histological type of the patient.There was no significant difference in lymph node metastasis and ascites（P>0.05）.There was a positive correlation between the expression of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 in epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）（P<0.05）.2.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（Qrt-PCR）results showed that 2-ΔΔCTvalues of relative expression of IFRD1 m RNA were 1.85±0.58 in normal group,2.32±0.43in benign group,and 13.25±2.39 in malignant group.There was no significant difference between benign group and normal group（P=0.052）（P>0.05）.The malignant group was compared with normal group（P=0.000）,The malignant group was compared with benign group（P=0.000）,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）;The relative expression of IFRD1 m RNA in epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）was related to histological grade,pathological stage,lymph node metastasis（P<0.05）,and the difference was statistically significant;There was no statistical difference in histological type and ascites（P>0.05）.Conclusion1.The expression of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 protein in normal ovary,benign epithelial ovarian tumor and epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）showed a gradually increasing trend.The expression levels of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 in EOC group were higher than those in normal group and benign group.IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 genes may be involved in the occurrence of ovarian cancer.2.In epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）,the expression levels of IFRD1 protein and IFRD1 m RNA are related to histological grade,pathological stage,lymph node metastasis,but not to the age,histological type and presence or absence of ascites,suggesting that IFRD1 may be involved in the occurrence,development,invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer.3.In epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）,the expression level of NFκB/p65 protein was related to histological grade and pathological stage,but it was not related to age,histological type,lymph node metastasis and ascites,suggesting NFκB/P65 may be involved in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer,but may not be involved in the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer.4.In epithelial ovarian cancer（EOC）,there is a positive correlation between the expression of IFRD1 and NFκB/p65 protein,suggesting that there may be a synergistic effect between the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer. |
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