Correlation Analysis Of Serum Electrolytes,Blood Glucose And Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels With Febrile Seizures In Children

ObjectiveFebrile seizures（FS）are the most common convulsive disease in childhood,and its incidence has remained high in recent years.Active treatment and prevention are critical to improving the condition and prognosis of children.The pathogenesis of FS is still not fully understood,and it is believed that it may be related to the changes of some ions and hormone levels.Therefore,this study investigated the relationship between serum electrolyte ions,blood sugar,and brain natriuretic peptides to explore the related influencing factors of FS.Provide reference for the treatment of complex febrile convulsion（CFS）and simple febrile convulsion（SFS）to reduce seizures.MethodsA total of 60 children with febrile seizures admitted to our hospital from September 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.Type febrile convulsion（CFC）group of 30 cases.Another 30 children with fever caused by respiratory tract infection who were hospitalized during the same period,aged 6months-6 years,and without convulsions,were selected as the control group.Blood samples were sampled from all subjects included in the study,and the same automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect serum electrolyte ion content,BNP and blood glucose levels,and the three groups of data were statistically analyzed.SPSS 26.0software was used for data sorting and analysis.The comparison between groups was performed by variance analysis or Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test,the pairwise comparison was performed by q test or bonferroni test,and the multivariate analysis was performed by multivariate logistic regression.P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results1.Among the 90 patients enrolled,43 were male,accounting for 47.8%,and 47were female,accounting for 52.2%.The age distribution of the three groups was skewed,the median age of the CFS group was 38.0（34.0,44.0）months,the median age of the SFS group was 33.5（28.0,39.0）months,and the median age of the control group was 40.0（33.0,41.0）age in months.There were no statistically significant differences in gender and age distribution among the three groups.2.The BNP levels of the three groups of children showed a skewed distribution.The Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test showed that there were differences in the BNP levels among the three groups（P<0.05）,there was no significant difference in BNP levels between complex and simple types（P≥0.05）.3.The serum electrolyte ions(Ca^2+,Na⁺,Cl^-,K⁺)of the three groups of children were all distributed normally,and the one-way analysis of variance showed that there was a difference in Ca²⁺among the three groups（P<0.05）.Compared with the SFS group and the control group,there was a difference in Ca²⁺（P<0.05）,and there was no significant difference in the Ca²⁺level between the SFS group and the control group,（P≥0.05）;Na⁺,Cl^-,K⁺were all different among the three groups（P<0.05）,the pairwise comparison results show that there are differences in the levels of Na⁺,Cl^-,and K⁺between any two groups（P<0.05）.4.The blood glucose levels of the three groups of children showed a skewed distribution.The Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test showed that there were differences in the blood glucose levels among the three groups.The pairwise comparison showed that there were differences in the blood glucose levels between the CFS group and the SFS group（P<0.05）,there was a difference in blood glucose level between the SFS group and the control group（P<0.05）,and there was no significant difference in the blood glucose level between the CFS group and the control group（P≥0.05）.5.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that,taking the control group as the reference,the increase of BNP（OR=1.046;95%CI:1.011-1.083）was the influencing factor for the occurrence of CFS in children,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）;the increase of BNP（OR=1.035;95%CI:1.001-1.071）and decreased Cl^-（OR=0.074;95%CI:0.005-0.093）were the influencing factors of SFS in children,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Taking the SFS group as a reference,the increase of BNP（OR=1.011;95%CI:1.000-1.021）was the influencing factor for the occurrence of CFS in children,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusions1.Serum Ca2+,Na+,Cl-and K+levels in children with febrile seizures were abnormally decreased,while BNP and blood sugar levels were significantly increased.2.Elevated BNP or decreased Cl-may increase the risk of FS in children.3.There is a negative correlation between BNP and serum Cl-levels in children with febrile convulsions,which may be related to the inhibition of BNP secretion on the aldosterone system,resulting in a decrease in serum sodium,and a decrease in renal tubular reabsorption of Na+,which can also lead to Cl-levels.Reduced reabsorption further contributes to seizures.Therefore,clinically,BNP and serum Cl-levels should be closely monitored for children with simple fever without seizures,which may help prevent and treat CFS and SFS,reduce seizures,and promote disease recovery in children.