A Research Of Hsun Tzu’s Thoughts On "Lizhi(Ruling By Way Of Rites)"

"Lizhi(Ruling by Way of Rites)" is the core category of Hsun Tzu’s Thoughts.From the perspective of problem consciousness,the thought of "Lizhi(Ruling by Way of Rites)"is confronted with the realistic political problems caused by the social transformation of the warring states period,and the theoretical challenges presented by the legalist school of thought,Confucianism and the Mohist school.On the content structure of it,"Lizhi(Ruling by Way of Rites)" can be divided into the theory of"ritual",the theory of "li-yi " and the theory of "Li-fa".So those three theories is in response to the Mohist school’s idea about the negation of status hierarchy,legalismis idea of ruling the country by law and the simmon school advocation that they try to construct the ceremony on the basis of the theory of mind.The first chapter of this paper aims at the social and cultural background of xunzi.Among them,the social political background in the warring states period is that the warring states society was transformed from aristocrat politics based on the patriarchal clan system to a centralized bureaucratic empire.In the meantime,The patriarchal society and the patriarchal system were disintegrated.And the socio-cultural background is that the Mohist school,legalism and the simmon school put forward the theoretical challenge from three aspects:the rationality of the hierarchy of patriarchal clan system,the conflict between ritual order and rule of law and the ethical value system of ritual system.The second chapter is about xun zi’s theory of ritual and its response to the Mohist school.In the face of the mohist school’s proposition about the negation of the hierarchy of patriarchal clan system,xunzi defended the system of rites,and demonstrated the necessity of the the social rank order and the rationality of the social division of labor.On the other hand,he put forward the political idea of political institution and official system.In terms of regime,xunzi advocated the monarch and prime minister as the main body of the political model,to promote the combination of the model political system and philosopher politics.In the aspect of the professional officer system,xunzi put forward the political character design of "the gentleman,the bureaucrat".The third chapter mainly explores the construction of xunzi’s ritual thought and its response to the rule of law.Xunzi pointed out that the disadvantage of "rule of law order" lies in the conflict between "the utilitarian rationalism of the bureaucracy" and"filial love" and " expensive their virtuous".In this regard,xunzi stressed that only the coordination and unity of the "master tao","jun dao" and means as an officer "can maintain the political and cultural order.In addition,xunzi proposed the thoughts of prospering etiquettes and respecting laws,and explained his concept and principle of criminal penalty,which was mainly manifested as "first morality,later punishment","careful punishment" and " punishment according to crime ".The fourth chapter mainly explores xunzi’s theory of " li-yi " and its response to the simmon school.In the face of the heart and nature theory by simmon,xunzi focuses on promoting the return of "righteousness" to the standard of political ethics.On the basis of this,xunzi further discusses the double meaning of " li-yi ":first,"li-yi" is the basis of regime.Secondly,"li-yi" is the the moral concept in the ethical order and it embodies the ethic of filial piety.The conclusion part mainly summarizes the thoughts of xun zi’s "rites and treatment",and highlights the characteristics of his thoughts.At the same time,the thought of xunzi’s thought of rites was studied in the transitional period of the warring states period,and the deficiency of its thought was analyzed briefly.