The Paradox Of Existence And Belief

Shestov was a famous thinker and literary critic of the Russian Silver Age.In the history of philosophical thought,Shestov is generally regarded as a pioneer of existential philosophy in the academic circles.His works focused on the ultimate issues of ideals,God,goodness,and death,and launched a fierce attack on various rationalist philosophical systems.Advocating the use of life experience and individual determination to resist the enslavement of man-made dogma and principles,and regards the state of living in an eternal struggle with rationalism as the practice form of belief.This article is divided into five chapters,discussing the paradox of existence and belief in Shestov’s thought and its connection with modern Chinese thought circles from the following aspects.The first chapter starts from Shestov’s attempt to reassess the value,sorts out some important moral,political,and religious philosophical propositions he put forward,clarifies his attitude and position on the issue of belief and survival,and initially exposes his relationship with the West.The main contradiction of rationalism philosophy,finally concluded from Shestov’s ideological viewpoints two explanatory horizons of survival philosophy and Jewish spirit.The second chapter focuses on the question of survival in Shestov’s thought.It first studies and investigates Kierkegaard’s main works,restores Kierkegaard’s two stages of thought,and reads Shestov’s details at the same time.Kierkegaard’s review article picks up Shestov’s fallacies and omissions,and fairly and objectively analyzes the similarities and differences between Shestov’s philosophy of existence and Kierkegaard’s philosophy of existence;secondly,Shestov’s A comparative analysis of Heidegger’s existential philosophy and the ideological propositions of European existential philosophers Sartre,Jaspers,Paul Tillich,and Camus,pioneered by Kierkegaard’s existential philosophy theory,Which aims to prove that Shestov’s fundamental divergence with Western European existentialist philosophy is that his philosophy of existence has nothing to do with rationality,timeliness,the unity of man and god,eternity,and other theoretical thinking.He advocates facing up to the suffering in reality.Defend to the death the opposition between individual suffering and universal rationality and ethics,constitute a form of belief in the practice of individual life,and maintain a struggle with rationalist philosophy within the category of a pure attitude.As a result,this article repositions Shestov’s position in the history of thought.Chapter 3 places Shestov’s thoughts in the Jewish spiritual horizon and compares his anti-rationalism with those of Martin Buber,Rosenzweig,Levinas and other Jewish thinkers.Summarizing the kinship of the two,at the same time exploring the influence of the loss of Jewish memory on the trend of his thoughts,and dialectically clarifying the deep ideological origins,it can be seen that Shestov’s struggle-style philosophy of existence is implicit Shestov himself does not possess—or has lost—the ability to use the true Hebrew tradition to confront Western philosophical traditions.Therefore,this life-long struggle appears to some extent as the inevitable result of its lost Jewishness.The fourth chapter turns to Shestov’s way of speaking,analyzing the relationship between his writing theme,writing intention,and aphorism style,placing his aphorism writing in the Western anti-rationalist writing tradition for comparative analysis,revealing its On the other hand,this article returns to the cultural context of the Russian nation,discusses the isomorphism between Shestov’s writing style and the tradition of sacred and foolishness,and reveals its formation after negating and inheriting the culture of sacred and foolishness.Unique poetic principles and aesthetic connotations.Chapter 5 is based on the historical and cultural context of modern China,taking the individualistic enlightenment in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China as the theme,selecting the radical revolutionary Chen Duxiu,the reformist liberal Hu Shi and the lonely Lu Xun to establish the individualistic ideas of three thinkers.Cultural observation coordinates,examine the difference and connection between it and Shestov’s individualistic thought,summarize the contradictions and limitations of personal enlightenment in modern Chinese thought circles in comparison,and reveal the enlightenment significance of Shestov’s thought to modern Chinese thought circles.The basic research methods of this article are comparative interpretation research,parallel interpretation research and cultural poetics research.