Takamure Itsue’s Thought Of Anarchist Women’s Liberation

Takamure Itsue(1894-1964)is a striking and controversial figure in modern Japanese history.It has always been a hot topic in academic circles on her legendary experience in Women’s Liberation Movement,her pioneering contributions made in the field of Japanese Women’s Historiography and her position changed several times under the change of the times.However,her colorful speech activities in the anarchist period(1925-1931)are not fully cleaned up compared with other fields.It needs further analysis on the internal logic supporting the formation and development of her anarchism,Women’s Liberation path based on "returning to natural instinct in Japanese primitive society" and the challenge to the social order of modern countries from the standpoint of Anarchism.In the introduction,it puts forward the research topic of this thesis by reviewing the history of study on Takamure Itsue since the 1960 s.In the first chapter,it discusses Takamure Itsue’ s career and works in order to restore her "full body image",at the same time,it combs the course of her compromise and struggle by combining social background,the key point of which is to clearly divide the historical stages of her thoughts,such as anarchism(1925-1931),Imperialist feminism(1931-1945)and post-war democracy(1945-1964),laying a foundation for future research.In the second chapter,it takes the internal logic between Takamure Itsue’ s actions and ideas in the anarchist period(1925-1931)as the object of discussion,which is named "natural emotion".Natural emotion takes as the source of all thought the true instinctive sense of the existence of the universe,which is not guided by theory or input from the West,developing "Departure Philosophy","New Materialism","Theory of Universe Evolution and Extinction","Fatalism","Natural Instinct" and so on,dominating the core elements of her thoughts and actions in the anarchist period.Its interpretation of "natural emotion" is not only to understand her abstract characteristics such as rebellion,satire,decadence feeling and nihilism tendency in the anarchism period,but also to further divide the historical stages of her anarchism thought formation and development.In the third chapter,it mainly refers to her criticism collection “The Creation of Love” published in 1926,her love comments published in Women’s Front and other magazines from 1925 to 1931,and her relative love argument put forward in her special writing "No Argumentation"(1928-1930).It studies on her love theory-"Unanimism" based on her own feelings,her anarchism and her "total negation" of current love ideas.It further clarifies the conflict between Anarchism and Marxism in the field of love by taking her "love dispute" with Yamakawa Jurong and her "Alexandra Kollontai’s dispute" with Alexandra Kollontai as examples.In the fourth chapter,it analyzes the "new feminism" that Japanese scholars pay less attention to.Takamure Itsue put forward the new feminism in Love Creation published in 1926 for the first time,which was a purely Japanese puresystem of theory,free from either Oriental influence or Western intervention,taking "return to the natural instinct in the primitive society of Japan" as the path of female liberation.In addition,the methodology of new feminism’s return to "ancient Shinto" also contains the internal motivation of her inclination to Japanism and war cooperation under the wartime system,and the new feminism plays a transitional role in the process of Gao Qun’s thought from "returning to ancient Shinto" to "carrying forward ancient Shinto".In the fifth chapter,it discusses the causes of so-called "modern super gram" theory in the context of the Pacific War,which has a great influence on the Japanese ideological circles,and points out the difference and connection between "Anti-modern" color in her anarchism and "modern super gram" born in July 1942.It also analyzes the connotation of "modern times" from the perspective of Takamure Itsue and the concrete performance of her surpassing the "modern" national social order.Finally,it reveals the contradiction and fantasy in her thoughts by restoring her "ideal town" of Anarchism.In the conclusion,it reveals the internal causes and historical enlightenment of her ideological instability by considering Takamure Itsue’ s ideological change in the historical background of Japanese modern Women’s Liberation Movement and the construction of wartime control system.Today,there is a trend of "re-thinking of Takamure Itsue’s thought" after more than 50 years of her death.Her anarchist path of Women’s Liberation with the color of Utopian and "total negation" is regarded as a new idea to break the shackles of modern "good wife and good mother",so "How to achieve Women’s Liberation" is a subject to be studied today.