| This paper mainly discusses "Hume’s Law" in the field of moral philosophy,compares the philosophical answers to this question in different historical periods,analyzes the distinction and connection between the two kinds of propositions,and tries to provide different perspectives and basis for clarifying the relationship between the contemporary factual judgment and moral judgment.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part mainly analyzes the theoretical background of Hume’s dichotomy.Through the analysis of the evolution of emotionalism ethics and Hume’s inheritance of this school of thought,we can find the theoretical origin for the proposal of dichotomy.Hume inherited and developed Shaftsbury’s and Hutchison’s theory of emotionalism.When he demonstrated that morality is not the object of reason,he raised questions about the transition between the factual proposition guided by "is" and the moral proposition guided by "ought",and thus raised "Hume’s Law",which shocked the philosophical world.The second part mainly analyzes the distinction and connection between the two kinds of propositions,and then finds the logical order of moral judgment.The two kinds of propositions belong to different fields,their contents,functions and missions are very different,but in the process of moral judgment,they are premise and influence each other.In addition,there is no exclusive fact language or moral language in the language system,which results in the complex relationship between the factual proposition and moral proposition.In the process of moral judgment,the subject distinguishes the factual proposition by reason,recognizes its authenticity,and then judges and expresses it according to emotion,then form moral proposition.This not only avoids the misjudgment in moral judgment,but also makes moral proposition better serve people’s emotional expression.The third part is the main part of this paper,which mainly discusses the real connotation of knowledge in Socrates’ proposition that "virtue is knowledge",and Hume’s transcendence of this proposition.The "knowledge" in Socrates’ proposition includes both moral knowledge and factual knowledge.In the first sense,it is knowledge about facts.Therefore,the relationship between factual proposition and moral proposition is not completely insurmountable.But Hume saw the influence on the field of fact and the field of morality after distinguishing the two kinds of propositions.To draw the boundary between the two fields can make reason better seek "truth" in the field of fact,and emotion can also better seek "good" in the field of morality.In the background of Hume’s time,it can be said that he completed the transcendence of Socrates.The fourth part is also the key chapter of this paper,Mac Intyre’s challenge to Hume’s dichotomy.Since "Hume’s Law" was put forward,it has had a great influence on the ethics circle.Countless thinkers have tried to solve or reconcile this problem.Through reviving Aristotle’s virtue ethics,Macintyre found functional vocabulary as a breakthrough point,found the value connotation in some fact propositions,connected moral propositions with the value evaluation in fact propositions,and thus built a bridge between factual propositions and moral propositions.At the end of the article,the author also puts forward some attempts to coordinate the problem from the perspective of practice.Starting from the concrete and historical practice of the subject.In the process of practice,the factual proposition provides the basis for moral judgment,and the moral proposition also provides the direction and requirements for the factual proposition.This paper objectively analyzes the interaction between the two kinds of propositions,which may be the key to solve this problem. |
