The Key Political Issues And The Origin And Formation Of American Two-party System

Modern political parties are the product of modern political and economic development and class struggle.The United States is the most typical bipartisan country in the world.The bipartisan system in the United States is very unique in the study of the party system.The study of the origin and formation of the two party system in the United States is an important part of the study of political system.The origin of American political party system can be traced back to the British colonial period in North America,but it can not be said that there were political parties in North America at that time.At the beginning of the founding of the United States in 1776,there were great differences among the political elites in the United States around the debate about the structure of the Federation and the organization of the political power.There are two representative political factions in the United States: the Federal Party represented by Hamilton and the anti Federal Party represented by Jefferson.In the competition for “federal power” and“state power”,the two political factions are constantly divided and combined.Until the civil war,the Republican Party and the Democratic Party became the two major national political parties in the United States.To some extent,the civil war in the United States promoted the continuous improvement and maturity of the political party system in the United States.After the war,the Democratic Party and the Republican Party entered the White House through the institutionalized election,which opened the party political mode of the two parties taking turns to sit in power,and finally established the form of the two party system.In the 1950 s,with the continuous development of American capitalist economy,the territory of the United States continued to expand.Around the issue of enslavement and abolition,the contradiction between two completely different economic models of the South and the north is becoming more and more acute.From the Missouri Compromise to the outbreak of the Kansas civil war,to the election of Republican Lincoln in 1860.It shows that the slavery crisis can no longer be solved by compromise.In the process,a new party,the Republican Party,stands out andgrows in strength,eventually replacing the old Whig party.The Democratic Party also split sharply in the north and the south,weakening its power.In 1860,the Republican Lincoln won the presidential election,which directly led to the outbreak of the civil war.The Democratic separatists in the South tried to use force to maintain the foundation of slavery.Through the war,the North defeated the separatist forces in the south,completely eradicated the soil of slavery in the south,and established the overall status of the Federation.The democratic forces in the South were gradually disintegrated,and the economic model of slave planting garden was destroyed.After the reunification,the United States became a powerful capitalist country.After decades of post-war reconstruction,the two party system in the United States has gradually become institutionalized and standardized.